The revelation effect: A test of theories and the impact on witness and juror judgments

启示效应：理论检验及其对证人和陪审员判断的影响

• 批准号: 232646231
• 负责人: Dr. André Aßfalg
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Department of Psychological Science
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Fellowships
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2011-12-31 至 2014-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/232646231?language=en
• 关键词: revelation; effect; test; theories; impact

Consider the following actions: Solving a puzzle, memorizing a phone number, or solving a simple math equation. Each of these actions will likely distort any succeeding judgments of the acting person. For example, a person may appear more familiar, the statement “the leopard is the fastest land animal” is more likely to appear true, or one may be more likely to claim to have broken a window playing ball as a child. This type of judgment distortion is called revelation effect. My research project has two goals. The first goal is to identify the mechanisms underlying the revelation effect. For this purpose I conduct tests of extant and new theories that attempt to explain the revelation effect. The second goal is to investigate whether the revelation effect involves judgment distortions in critical real-world events. This includes, for example, an eyewitness´ identification of the perpetrator in a lineup. Without knowing it, eyewitnesses might falsely accuse an innocent because of the revelation effect. Therefore, the second part of my research project investigates whether the revelation effect distorts judgments of eyewitnesses or jurors.

考虑以下行动：解决难题、记住电话号码或解决简单的数学方程。这些行为中的每一个都可能会扭曲行为人的任何后续判断。例如，一个人可能看起来更熟悉，“豹子是最快的陆地动物”这一说法更有可能显得真实，或者一个人可能更有可能声称自己小时候玩球时打破了窗户。这种判断扭曲被称为启示效应。我的研究项目有两个目标。第一个目标是确定启示效应背后的机制。为此，我对现有的和新的理论进行了测试，试图解释启示效应。第二个目标是调查启示效应是否涉及对现实世界关键事件的判断扭曲。例如，这包括目击者对队列中肇事者的识别。在不知情的情况下，目击者可能会因为揭露效应而错误地指控无辜者。因此，我的研究项目的第二部分调查揭露效应是否扭曲了目击者或陪审员的判断。

项目成果

A word of warning: Instructions and feedback cannot prevent the revelation effect

警告：指示和反馈并不能阻止启示效应

• DOI: 10.1016/j.concog.2015.03.016
• 发表时间: 2015
• 期刊: Consciousness and Cognition
• 影响因子: 2.4
• 作者: Aßfalg;Nadarevic. L.
• 通讯作者: Nadarevic. L.

Task difficulty moderates the revelation effect

任务难度调节启示效应

• DOI: 10.3758/s13421-016-0685-9
• 发表时间: 2017
• 期刊: Memory & Cognition
• 影响因子: 2.4
• 作者: Aßfalg;Currie;Bernstein
• 通讯作者: Bernstein