Collaborative Research: Exploring the physics of galaxy clusters with comprehensive cosmological simulations

星系团是宇宙中已知的最大的结构之一。对它们随宇宙年龄的增长进行建模，将使我们深入了解物质、能量和物理定律如何影响我们今天看到的宇宙。这个项目将为计算机建模添加更多细节，以更好地近似控制星系团中气体行为的物理学。这些新模型的结果将是可以被其他研究星系和星系团的研究人员使用的模拟。星系团是宇宙中一些最大的结构。对它们在宇宙时间尺度上的增长进行建模，让我们深入了解暗物质、普通物质和物理定律是如何影响我们今天看到的宇宙的。拟议中的项目将以磁场、各向异性热传导和活动星系核(AGN)的辐射反馈的形式增加更详细的物理学。该项目将使用一种名为AREPO的移动网格代码来执行这些模拟。这些模拟将遵循IllustrisTNG宇宙学模型，并增加物理内容。星系团的放大将被用来比较新物理模型的效果，并对未来的地面和天基天文台进行观测预测。在项目结束时，数据和模拟将公之于众。这一奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力优势和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

Galaxy clusters are some of the largest known structures in the universe. Modeling their growth over the age of the universe will give us insight on how matter, energy, and the laws of physics influence the universe that we see today. This project will add some more details to the computer modeling to provide better approximations to the physics governing the behavior of the gas in galaxy clusters. The results of these new models will be simulations that can be used by other researchers who are studying galaxies and galaxy clusters.Galaxy clusters are some of the largest structures in the universe. Modeling their growth over cosmological time scales gives us insight on how dark matter, ordinary matter, and the laws of physics influence the universe that we see today. The proposed project will add more detailed physics in the form of magnetic fields, anisotropic thermal conduction, and radiative feedback from active galactic nuclei (AGN). The project will use a moving mesh code known as AREPO to perform these simulations. The simulations will follow the IllustrisTNG cosmological models with the added physics. Zoom-ins of clusters will be used to compare the effects of the new physics models and to make observational predictions for future ground and space-based observatories. At the end of the project, the data and simulations will be made publicly available.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.