Policy-driven Reliability? A US-German Comparison of High-Reliability Networks in Emergency Management

政策驱动的可靠性？

• 批准号: 237406025
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Jörg Sydow
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Lehrstuhl für Unternehmenskooperation
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2012-12-31 至 2016-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/237406025?language=en
• 关键词: Policy; driven; Reliability; US; German

Unexpected emergencies like disease outbreaks or plane and train crash relief operations result in a renewed interest in how not only individuals, but also organizations and sometimes even whole societies actually face such crises. For management and organizational researchers, this raises a crucial question: how can organizations face challenges that they have not been prepared for? In management research, studies on High Reliability Organizations (HRO) feature prominently and focus upon how organizations prepare for and deal with crisis situations. Although HRO theory has advanced our understanding, we argue that research on HRO needs to be refined in two important ways. First, HRO studies have so far focused on single organizations. However, as large-scale emergencies illustrate, collaboration among HROs is frequently needed. Hence the proposed project asks "From HRO to HRN?" from its title onwards; pointing towards the broad spectrum of potential options for coordinating HROs, which may even include, in some cases at least, the formation of inter-organizational High Reliability Networks (HRN). Therefore, the first objective of the proposed project is to explore the range of possible constellations of HROs in the face of significant emergencies. The focus here is on forms of formal governance, including different forms of network governance. The second objective is to develop a practice-based framework informed by structuration theory that would take into account the peculiarities and contextualities of HROs/HRNs. Focusing in particular upon the actual coordinative practices in which actors engage across organizations, we aim at substantiating research on network genesis and development in settings with extreme uncertainties. To meet these objectives, we are applying for a two-year project researching in depth the Fire and Emergency Services of the City of Düsseldorf, including their wide network of partners; an adequate setting given the role of these services in civil safety in general and in this specific case as a network organizer for large-scale disaster. Multiple methods will be employed: first, retrospective in-depth and comparative analyses of at least 12 past emergencies by employing content and social network analyses will help to explore different HRO constellations and governance forms. Second, real-time data collection from the emergencies of an HRN by means of a 12-month ethnography will help to go beyond the forms of (network) governance by theorizing organizational and inter-organizational practices.

疾病爆发或飞机和火车事故救援行动等意外紧急情况使人们重新关注个人、组织、有时甚至整个社会实际上是如何面对这些危机的。对于管理和组织研究人员来说，这提出了一个至关重要的问题：组织如何面对他们没有准备好的挑战？在管理研究中，高可靠性组织（High Reliability Organizations， HRO）的研究占有重要地位，主要研究组织如何准备和处理危机情况。虽然人力资源管理理论提高了我们的认识，但我们认为人力资源管理研究需要在两个重要方面加以完善。首先，到目前为止，人力资源管理研究主要集中在单个组织。然而，正如大规模紧急情况所表明的那样，经常需要人权事务专员之间的合作。因此，拟议的项目从标题开始就要求“从人力资源管理到人力资源管理？”指出协调人力资源办公室的广泛潜在选择，至少在某些情况下甚至可能包括组织间高可靠性网络（HRN）的形成。因此，该项目的第一个目标是探索在面临重大紧急情况时可能的hro星座范围。这里的重点是正式治理的形式，包括不同形式的网络治理。第二个目标是发展一个以实践为基础的框架，该框架将考虑到hro / hrn的特点和背景。我们特别关注参与者跨组织参与的实际协调实践，旨在证实在极端不确定性环境下网络发生和发展的研究。为了实现这些目标，我们正在申请一个为期两年的项目，深入研究<s:1>塞尔多夫市的消防和应急服务，包括其广泛的合作伙伴网络；考虑到这些服务在一般民事安全中的作用，以及在这个具体情况下作为大规模灾难的网络组织者的作用，这是一个适当的环境。将采用多种方法：首先，通过内容分析和社会网络分析，对过去至少12起突发事件进行回顾性深入和比较分析，这将有助于探索不同的HRO星座和治理形式。其次，通过为期12个月的人种志，从HRN的紧急情况中实时收集数据，将有助于组织和组织间实践的理论化，从而超越（网络）治理的形式。