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RUI: Coronal Plasma Observed at Eclipses and Otherwise Simultaneously

RUI：在日食和其他时间同时观测到的日冕等离子体

基本信息

批准号：
1903500
负责人：
Jay Pasachoff
金额：
$ 25.14万
依托单位：
Williams College
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2019
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2019-07-01 至 2023-06-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1903500&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
RUI Coronal Plasma Observed Eclipses

项目摘要

Solar eclipses are of widespread public interest in the countries from which they are visible, and they therefore provide an important opportunity for public education about astronomy as well as for efforts on spreading information domestically on safe solar observing. The PI was Chair of the International Astronomical Union's Working Group on Eclipses and liaison to the American Astronomical Society's Eclipse Task Force for the 2017 Great American Eclipse, and for the upcoming 2024 eclipse. Studies of the solar corona at eclipses have been a major part of the success of the Williams College department in attracting and training students. Undergraduate students, increasingly including members of underrepresented groups through Williams's need-blind admissions policy, have been intimately connected with the eclipse expeditions and the associated data reduction and analysis; this project enables the active involvement and training of students to continue. Specifically, this proposal is to perform high resolution optical observations, rapid imaging of the corona, and radio and spectroscopic measurements. The project will include comparisons with other space and ground based observations as well as comparisons with state of the art computer models. This particular project is to take advantage of the data from the 2017 total solar eclipse and to observe the 2019 and 2020 total eclipses. The focus of the project is on observing the white-light corona and working with highly processed images that bring out detail and extreme contrast. This will allow improved measurements of dynamics of coronal plumes and other coronal features, especially coronal mass ejections. Additionally, filtergrams and spectra of the green-line (Fe XIV) and red-line (Fe X) coronas will be used to examine the contrast of regions of different temperatures. The proposed observations include exquisitely high-resolution observations with Lyot/Halle filters. The team will also complete the analysis of high-frequency (1 Hz) power spectra of coronal loops to compare mechanisms of coronal heating and carry out similar observations at the 2020 eclipse. Spectrographic observations are important as the spectral-line ratios continue to change over the solar-activity cycle, which now past a low maximum and passing through minimum. The team will also complete 2017 eclipse analysis with data from radio telescopes, including the Jansky Very Large Array, which is providing the best-ever mapping of active regions to pinpoint the different locations of radio and EUV eruption origins, and use an Argentian radiotelescope in 2019 and 2020.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

日食在可以观测到日食的国家引起了广泛的公众兴趣，因此，日食为公众进行天文学教育以及在国内传播安全观测太阳的信息提供了一个重要的机会。PI是国际天文联合会日食工作组的主席，也是2017年美国大日食和即将到来的2024年日食的美国天文学会日食工作组的联络人。在日食时对日冕的研究是威廉姆斯学院吸引和培养学生成功的一个主要部分。由于威廉姆斯不考虑需求的招生政策，越来越多的本科生包括了代表性不足的群体的成员，他们与日食探险以及相关的数据减少和分析密切相关；这个项目使学生的积极参与和培训得以继续。具体来说，这个提议是进行高分辨率的光学观测，日冕的快速成像，以及无线电和光谱测量。该项目将包括与其他空间和地面观测的比较，以及与最先进的计算机模型的比较。这个特殊的项目是利用2017年日全食的数据，观察2019年和2020年的日全食。该项目的重点是观察白光日冕，并使用高度处理的图像，带来细节和极端对比。这将有助于改进日冕羽流和其他日冕特征的动力学测量，特别是日冕物质抛射。此外，滤波图和绿线（Fe XIV）和红线（Fe X）日冕的光谱将用于检查不同温度区域的对比。提出的观测包括使用Lyot/Halle滤光片的高分辨率观测。该团队还将完成对日冕环高频（1hz）功率谱的分析，以比较日冕加热的机制，并在2020年的日食中进行类似的观测。光谱观测是重要的，因为光谱线比在太阳活动周期中不断变化，现在太阳活动周期已经过了低最大值并正在通过最小值。该团队还将利用射电望远镜的数据完成2017年的日食分析，包括Jansky甚大阵列，它提供了有史以来最好的活跃区域地图，以确定射电和EUV喷发起源的不同位置，并在2019年和2020年使用阿根廷射电望远镜。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（3）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

Early results from the solar-minimum 2019 total solar eclipse

2019 年太阳极小期日全食的早期结果

DOI：
10.1017/s1743921320001453
发表时间：
2019
期刊：
Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union
影响因子：
0
作者：
Pasachoff, Jay M.;Lockwood, Christian A.;Inoue, John L.;Meadors, Erin N.;Voulgaris, Aristeidis;Sliski, David;Sliski, Alan;Reardon, Kevin P.;Seaton, Daniel B.;Caplan, Ronald M.
通讯作者：
Caplan, Ronald M.

Preliminary Report on the 14 December 2020 Total Solar Eclipse Observations

2020年12月14日日全食观测初步报告