RAPID: Investigating School District Resilience and the Impact of Hurricane Exposure on Student Outcomes

RAPID：调查学区的复原力以及飓风暴露对学生成绩的影响

• 批准号: 1904156
• 负责人: Cassandra Davis
• 金额: $ 19.99万
• 依托单位: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-01-01 至 2020-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1904156&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: RAPID; Investigating; District; Resilience; Impact

North Carolina has experienced 11 major disasters due to hurricanes or tropical storms over the past 20 years. Moreover, one tropical cyclone has hit the state every two years since 1851. Although natural disasters are frequent, efforts to understand and support public schools' responses to such disasters are rare. This Rapid Response Research (RAPID) project is an exploratory mixed methods study investigating the impact of vulnerability and resilience in the recovery of North Carolina schools affected by both Hurricanes Florence (2018) and Matthew (2016). Specifically, the study assesses whether schools that were impacted by both storms used organizational learning strategies to recover faster than schools that were impacted by either Hurricane Florence or Matthew alone. The project pursues three research questions: (1) What characteristics predict school district resilience? (2) How does prior disaster experience aid/hinder a resilient recovery? (3) Do students in resilient districts show less learning loss or rebound from learning loss more quickly?This mixed methods project will involve interviews, focus groups and surveys with school and district personnel in a purposive sample of 15 districts across North Carolina that were heavily impacted by both storms and those that were affected by only one. These qualitative data will be used to derive markers of resilience that will then be used in quantitative analyses. Quantitative comparisons of state-wide data on student outcomes (e.g., achievement, attendance) will also be made across three kinds of districts: those that were affected by both storms, those that were affected by only one storm and those that were not affected at all. Quantitative data will be taken from an existing longitudinal database that includes individual student characteristics, attendance, suspensions and academic performance for all students in North Carolina. The purposive sampling of 15 districts in North Carolina allows for a novel comparison of impact, recovery and organizational learning across two disasters and over time. Disasters can create an opportunity for organizational change leading to greater resiliency in future crises; however, little extant research has focused on whether and how schools recover and remain resilient in the aftermath of natural disasters, such as hurricanes. This project can benefit schools in crisis by providing lessons learned and a roadmap for action to schools that are singularly and repeatedly impacted by natural disasters.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

在过去的20年中，由于飓风或热带风暴，北卡罗来纳州遭受了11起重大灾难。此外，自1851年以来，一个热带气旋每两年一次袭击州一次。尽管自然灾害经常发生，但很少有自然灾害来理解和支持公立学校对这种灾难的反应。这项快速响应研究（快速）项目是一项探索性混合方法研究，研究了脆弱性和韧性对受飓风佛罗伦萨（2018）和马修（2016）影响的北卡罗来纳州学校的恢复的影响。具体而言，该研究评估了受两次风暴影响的学校是否使用组织学习策略的恢复速度比佛罗伦萨飓风或马修飓风影响的学校更快。该项目提出了三个研究问题：（1）哪些特征可以预测学区的韧性？ （2）以前的灾难经验辅助/阻碍弹性恢复？ （3）弹性地区的学生是否会更快地显示出较少的学习损失或从学习损失中反弹？这个混合方法项目将涉及访谈，焦点小组和与学校和地区人员进行的访谈，并在北卡罗来纳州的15个地区的有目的样本中受到暴风雨影响，而两者仅受到一项影响。这些定性数据将用于得出弹性标记，然后将其用于定量分析。还将在三种地区的全州范围数据（例如成就，出勤率）的全州范围数据（例如成就，出勤率）进行定量比较：受两种暴风雨影响的地区，那些仅受一场风暴和根本没有影响的风暴影响的地区。定量数据将从现有的纵向数据库中获取，其中包括北卡罗来纳州所有学生的个人特征，出勤，停学和学习成绩。北卡罗来纳州15个地区的有目的抽样可以对两种灾难以及随着时间的流逝进行影响，恢复和组织学习的新颖比较。灾难可以为组织变革创造机会，从而在未来的危机中提高弹性。但是，现有的研究很少关注学校在自然灾害（例如飓风之后）是否恢复和保持韧性。该项目可以通过提供经验教训和行动的路线图来使在危机中的学校受益。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并被认为是值得通过基金会的智力优点和更广泛影响的审查标准来评估的。