How the Crowdsourced Spatial Data Revolution is Being Used to Complement Official Data

如何利用众包空间数据革命来补充官方数据

• 批准号: 1907123
• 负责人: Patricia Solis
• 金额: $ 35.92万
• 依托单位: Arizona State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-05-18 至 2023-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1907123&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: How; Crowdsourced; Spatial; Data; Revolution

This research project focuses on societal aspects of emerging high-tech technologies: crowdsourcing, remote sensing, and open mapping. The goal is to advance understanding about the role of open, volunteered spatial data to produce knowledge needed by public institutions responsible for provision of services to all citizens. Despite that crowdsourced maps contain important information for building resilient communities and infrastructure, rarely are volunteered spatial data integrated into official cartographies. Local and national public institutions may lack trust of data quality, adherence to standards, and completeness. The researchers will closely examine the concepts and practices of using crowdsourced data relative to official cartographies within a small but representative set of national cases characterized by a range of public access, technologies, and governance configurations, namely Mesoamerica and the US Borderlands. This region of interest leverages experience with participatory cross-border harmonization of official fundamental spatial datasets in Panama, Costa Rica, Nicaragua, Honduras, El Salvador, Guatemala, Belize, Mexico, and parts of neighboring Colombia and Texas. Findings will help expand the base of knowledge about evidence-based decision-making. The project will establish a foundation for building community across academic and government sectors interested in sharing and co-creating knowledge on specific applications, such as for hazards, development, and infrastructure services. The research team will provide theoretical insights within Science, Technology, and Society research as well as practical ideas to potentially harness the benefits of the data revolution for the public good.The research aims are (a) to better understand the barriers and conditions for acceptance when and where crowdsourced spatial data is available to be officially used in Mesoamerica and the US Borderlands (blind spots); (b) to better understand the impact of crowdsourced data when incorporated into official data sources; and (c) to produce missing geospatial data on vulnerabilities by engaging volunteer student mappers and official cartographers through participatory research (blank spots). A mixed-method approach leverages the unique positions of the research team as appointed authorities, commission chairs, and members of the PanAmerican Institute for Geography and History, a specialized arm of the Organization of American States. The researchers will empirically develop knowledge about the needs, opportunities, obstacles, processes and practices of crowdsourcing geospatial data relative to official cartographies. The project will use focus groups, interviews, critical incident techniques, broadly distributed web-based surveys, temporal comparative analysis, and participatory feedback to develop peer-reviewed articles as well as publications of best practices for use by informants, academics, and decision makers, in both English and Spanish. The project will train and engage students in this research from Texas Tech, one of only a few Hispanic Serving, Carnegie R1 Research Institutions in the US. Students will improve their workforce readiness for high-demand geospatial technologies careers. A final symposia at the OAS in Washington DC will provide a forum for input to deliverables and for dissemination. Results will contribute insight on NSF's Big Ideas, Harnessing the Data Revolution for 21st Century Science and Engineering.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

该研究项目重点关注新兴高科技技术的社会方面：众包、遥感和开放测绘。目标是加深对开放的、自愿的空间数据的作用的理解，以产生负责向所有公民提供服务的公共机构所需的知识。尽管众包地图包含建设有复原力的社区和基础设施的重要信息，但很少有人自愿将空间数据整合到官方地图中。地方和国家公共机构可能对数据质量、标准遵守情况和完整性缺乏信任。研究人员将在一小部分但具有代表性的国家案例（即中美洲和美国边境）中仔细研究使用与官方制图相关的众包数据的概念和实践，这些国家案例的特点是一系列公共访问、技术和治理配置。该感兴趣区域利用了巴拿马、哥斯达黎加、尼加拉瓜、洪都拉斯、萨尔瓦多、危地马拉、伯利兹、墨西哥以及邻国哥伦比亚和德克萨斯州部分地区官方基础空间数据集参与性跨境协调的经验。研究结果将有助于扩大基于证据的决策的知识基础。该项目将为跨学术和政府部门建立社区奠定基础，有兴趣分享和共同创造特定应用的知识，例如灾害、发展和基础设施服务。研究团队将提供科学、技术和社会研究方面的理论见解以及实践想法，以潜在地利用数据革命的好处来造福公众。研究目的是（a）更好地了解中美洲和美国边境地区（盲点）正式使用众包空间数据的时间和地点的障碍和接受条件； (b) 更好地了解众包数据纳入官方数据源后的影响； (c) 通过参与式研究（空白点）让志愿学生制图员和官方制图员参与进来，生成有关脆弱性的缺失地理空间数据。混合方法利用了研究团队作为指定机构、委员会主席和泛美地理与历史研究所（美洲国家组织的专门机构）成员的独特地位。研究人员将根据经验开发有关与官方地图相关的众包地理空间数据的需求、机会、障碍、流程和实践的知识。该项目将利用焦点小组、访谈、关键事件技术、广泛分布的网络调查、时间比较分析和参与式反馈来开发同行评审文章以及最佳实践出版物，供线人、学者和决策者使用英语和西班牙语。该项目将培训德克萨斯理工大学的学生并让他们参与这项研究，德克萨斯理工大学是美国为数不多的拉美裔服务卡内基 R1 研究机构之一。学生将提高他们对高需求地理空间技术职业的劳动力准备度。在华盛顿特区美洲国家组织举行的最后一次研讨会将为对可交付成果提出意见并进行传播提供一个论坛。结果将为 NSF 的大创意提供见解，利用数据革命促进 21 世纪科学和工程。该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

项目成果

Strategic leadership in an era of change: challenges and advances of the PAIGH Geography Commission, 2014-2021

变革时代的战略领导力：2014-2021 年 PAIGH 地理委员会的挑战和进展

• DOI: 10.35424/regeo.163.2021.1058
• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: Revista Geográfica
• 作者: Solis, Patricia;Parcher Wintemute, Jean
• 通讯作者: Parcher Wintemute, Jean

Citizen science interactions with official geospatial information; Case studies from Mexico

公民科学与官方地理空间信息的互动；

• DOI: 10.3389/fenvs.2022.800247
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: Frontiers in Environmental Science
• 影响因子: 4.6
• 作者: Jacquin, Céline;Merodio Gómez, Paloma;Arriaga, Vivian;Santiago, Andrea
• 通讯作者: Santiago, Andrea