Ab Initio Nuclear Structure and Reactions for Astrophysics and Neutrino Physics

天体物理学和中微子物理学的从头算核结构和反应

基本信息

批准号：
1913728
负责人：
Kristina Launey
金额：
$ 27.13万
依托单位：
Louisiana State University
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2019
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2019-08-15 至 2023-07-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1913728&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Ab Initio Nuclear Structure Reactions

项目摘要

Following the history-making discovery of nuclear fission, which manifested the huge amount of energy that is released by breaking the strong bonds between neutrons and protons, nuclear physicists have searched for ever more comprehensive explanations of the properties of the atomic nucleus. Such advances are critical to predict exotic nuclei in processes under extreme conditions as stellar mergers and explosions, and to probe neutrino-related processes. The recent advent of radioactive beam facilities has enabled exotic-nuclei measurements, based on collisions of nuclei and their reactions. To predict inaccessible nuclei, these reactions must be well understood and modeled. However, exact solutions exist up to about five particles. The goal of this project is to expand dramatically the capabilities of nuclear reaction theory, by providing input to reaction simulations that are grounded in first principles, but can also accommodate heavier nuclei and enhanced deformation. The latter can help study the origin of elements and neutrino properties, two of the biggest challenges in nuclear physics today. The project will have a wider impact because nuclear energy and national security research has similar needs. Future leaders (postdocs and students) will be trained in low-energy nuclear science and petascale computing, while preparing a web-database for research and educational purposes.The overarching goal is to learn from and inform experiments at radioactive beam facilities, and to predict properties of experimentally inaccessible nuclei that are key to advancing our knowledge about astrophysical processes and neutrino physics. The program targets to improve reaction modeling, by constructing the effective interaction between a target and a projectile from first principles (historically, referred to as an optical potential and fitted to experimental data), and thus to account for the challenging microscopic structure of the participating nuclei. As these interactions are an essential input to numerous reaction models that are currently in use, the new developments will serve as an important tool in a broad spectrum of studies. The project will capitalize on a symmetry-guided approach that, by exploiting symmetries known to dominate the dynamics, has enabled ab initio investigations of heavier nuclear species, deformed or not. In this approach, all participating particles are treated on the same footing within a "shell model" picture, while employing chiral effective field theory interactions between protons and neutrons. The end products will include calculations of beta decays in nuclei of enhanced deformation, and of reaction observables, e.g., cross sections for scattering, charge-exchange, and (d,p) reactions, of importance to astrophysics.This project advances the objectives of "Windows on the Universe: the Era of Multi-Messenger Astrophysics", one of the 10 Big Ideas for Future NSF Investments.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

在核裂变的历史发现之后，核裂变表现出了通过打破中子和质子之间的强键来释放的大量能量，核物理学家已经搜索了对原子核性质的更全面的解释。这种进步对于在极端条件下的过程中预测外在核，如出色的合并和爆炸以及探测与中微子相关的过程。放射性束设施的最近出现，基于核的碰撞及其反应，实现了异国情调的核核测量。为了预测无法访问的核，必须对这些反应进行充分的理解和建模。但是，存在确切的溶液，最高可达五个颗粒。该项目的目的是通过向基于第一原理的反应模拟提供输入，但也可以容纳较重的核并增强变形，从而大大扩展了核反应理论的能力。后者可以帮助研究元素和中微子特性的起源，这是当今核物理学中最大的两个挑战。该项目将产生更大的影响，因为核能和国家安全研究有类似的需求。未来的领导者（博士后和学生）将接受低能量核科学和佩斯卡尔计算的培训，同时准备用于研究和教育目的的网络数据库。总体目标是向放射性束机设施学习并为实验提供了实验，并为实验性不可接受的核的特性提供了对我们的知识的预测，并预测了我们对天文学的知识的预测。该计划的目标是通过从第一原理（历史上称为光电位并适合实验数据）构建目标与弹丸之间的有效相互作用，从而改善反应模型的目标，从而解释了参与核的具有挑战性的显微镜结构。由于这些相互作用是当前正在使用的众多反应模型的重要输入，因此新的发展将在广泛的研究中成为重要的工具。该项目将利用一种对称引导的方法，该方法通过利用已知的主导动态的对称性，使对较重的核物种的起源研究有能力变形。在这种方法中，所有参与的粒子都在“壳模型”图片中的相同基础上进行处理，同时采用了质子和中子之间的手性有效田间理论相互作用。最终产品将包括对增强变形的核和反应可观察物的β衰变的计算，例如用于散射，电荷交换和（d，p）反应的横截面，对天体物理学的重要性，对天体物理学的重要性，对“宇宙中的Windows：Morti-Messenger Attrophys of Morti-Messents Atrophys of Morti-Messent Atrophys of Morti-Messent of Difestion”的目标促进了10个大型Ideastion of n s of Morti-Messent offers。 NSF的法定使命，并使用基金会的知识分子优点和更广泛的影响审查标准来评估值得支持。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（23）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

Nuclear spin features relevant to ab initio nucleon-nucleus elastic scattering

与从头开始核子-核弹性散射相关的核自旋特征

DOI：
10.1103/physrevc.103.054314
发表时间：
2021
期刊：
Physical Review C
影响因子：
3.1
作者：
Baker, R. B.;Burrows, M.;Elster, Ch.;Launey, K. D.;Maris, P.;Popa, G.;Weppner, S. P.
通讯作者：
Weppner, S. P.

Efficacy of the symmetry-adapted basis for ab initio nucleon-nucleus interactions for light- and intermediate-mass nuclei

轻质量和中等质量核的从头算核子-核相互作用的对称性适应基础的有效性

DOI：
10.1016/j.cpc.2022.108476
发表时间：
2022
期刊：
Computer Physics Communications
影响因子：
6.3
作者：
Mercenne, A.;Launey, K.D.;Dytrych, T.;Escher, J.E.;Quaglioni, S.;Sargsyan, G.H.;Langr, D.;Draayer, J.P.
通讯作者：
Draayer, J.P.

Emergent symmetries in atomic nuclei: Probing nuclear dynamics and physics beyond the standard model

原子核中的涌现对称性：超越标准模型探索核动力学和物理学

DOI：
10.21468/scipostphysproc.14.007
发表时间：
2023
期刊：
SciPost Physics Proceedings
影响因子：
0
作者：
Launey, Kristina D.;Becker, K. S.;Sargsyan, G. H.;Molchanov, O. M.;Burrows, M.;Mercenne, A.;Dytrych, T.;Langr, D.;Draayer, J. P.
通讯作者：
Draayer, J. P.

Benchmark calculations of electromagnetic sum rules with a symmetry-adapted basis and hyperspherical harmonics