Collaborative Research: Social Construction of Legal Exclusion in Slums

合作研究：贫民窟法律排斥的社会建构

• 批准号: 1918128
• 负责人: Liza Weinstein
• 金额: $ 37.7万
• 依托单位: Northeastern University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-09-01 至 2022-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1918128&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Social; Construction; Legal

This project investigates how legal exclusion is socially constructed in legally recognized vs. non-recognized slum settlements. Extensive research has demonstrated that residents of slum settlements globally have considerably worse outcomes on key social indicators, including poverty, employment conditions, and exposure to violence, than formally housed urban populations. Despite the recognition that legal status has significant impacts on the socioeconomic conditions of slum residents, little is known about why governments withhold official recognition and deny access to life-supporting infrastructure and residential security for slum residents. This research investigates how legal exclusion is constructed--as a political and bureaucratic entity, as a geographic and social reality, and as individual lived experience. It is also designed to explain how conditions vary in communities with different degrees of legal recognition and access.The project's three research aims are to identify the multi-level factors that produce the legal exclusion experienced by residents of non-recognized slums; demonstrate how legal exclusion is experienced as both a collective and individual level phenomenon that shapes the wellbeing of slum residents; and disentangle the effects of legal exclusions from other, more widely studied aspects of informal settlements, by comparing slum settlements with different administrative and legal contexts. The multi-level research design builds on insights from ethnographic research on social exclusion and political action in slums showing that legal exclusion is not only produced at the macro-level through policy and public discourse, but also at the community-level through negotiations with local administrators, police officers, and service delivery workers; and at the micro-level within the inner lives and subjective experiences of slum residents. This approach is rooted in longstanding efforts in sociology to integrate macro theories of social structure with micro-level analyses of social action to explain collective and individual outcomes.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

该项目调查了在法律认可与未认可的贫民窟和解中如何在社会上构建法律排斥。 广泛的研究表明，与正式的城市人口相比，全球贫民窟定居点的居民在包括贫困，就业状况和暴力暴露在内的关键社会指标上的结果要差得多。 尽管人们认识到法律地位对贫民窟居民的社会经济状况有重大影响，但对于为什么政府拒绝官方承认并拒绝获得贫民窟居民的基础设施和住宅安全的范围知之甚少。 这项研究调查了如何构建法律排斥的方式 - 作为政治和官僚主义的实体，作为地理和社会现实以及个人生活经验。 它还旨在解释条件在具有不同程度的法律认可和获取程度的社区中如何变化。该项目的三项研究目的是确定产生非认可贫民窟居民经历的法律排斥的多层次因素；证明法律排斥是如何作为一种集体和个人水平现象的经历，它塑造了贫民窟居民的福祉；并通过比较贫民窟的定居点与不同的行政和法律背景来比较其他，更广泛研究的非正式定居点的法律排除效果。多层次的研究设计基于贫民窟的社会排斥和政治行动的民族志研究的见解，表明法律排斥不仅是通过政策和公共话语在宏观层面上产生的，而且还通过与地方行政人员，警察，警察和服务交付人员的谈判来在社区级别上产生。在内在生活和贫民窟居民的主观经历中的微观层面。这种方法源于社会学的长期努力，将社会结构的宏观理论与社会行动的微观分析相结合，以解释集体和个人成果。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并被认为是通过基金会的知识分子优点和更广泛的审查标准来通过评估来通过评估来支持的。