权益分类	功能权益	普通用户	{{item.name}}会员
{{category.name}}	{{benefitItem.name}}

Toward a Theory of Systems Engineering

走向系统工程理论

基本信息

批准号：
1923164
负责人：
George Hazelrigg
金额：
$ 44.87万
依托单位：
George Mason University
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2019
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2019-08-01 至 2024-07-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1923164&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Toward Theory Systems Engineering

项目摘要

The research objective of this award is to provide a framework for and begin the derivation of a mathematically rigorous theory of systems engineering. Systems engineering has often been taught and practiced based on a set of heuristics that work sometimes, but not always. The lack of a rigorous theory has contributed to many projects encountering delays, significant cost overruns, and under-performance. It has been estimated that the resulting losses to the Federal government, particularly via military and other major Federal procurements, likely exceed $200 million per day. These losses are accompanied by equivalent losses in the private sector. A theory of systems engineering will serve as a test of the validity of systems engineering practices and posit a theory for sound systems design and decision making, which hold considerable promise of substantially reducing these losses. In addition, a rigorous theory will provide a basis for sound systems engineering education and hold the potential to revolutionize engineering education across the entire engineering curriculum. For example, it will form the basis for teaching engineering design decision making under uncertainty.It is noted that a comprehensive theory of systems engineering can be derived from the simple preference statement, "I want the best system I can get," where the definition of "best" is left entirely to the discretion of the project manager. The insight upon which this effort is based observes that design and systems engineering are decision-making processes, which rely on preferences that enable optimal system decision making rather than physical principals that impose constraints on design decisions. The approach in this project is a significant deviation from previous efforts to the derivation of a theory of design and systems engineering, and its implementation will demand the rigorous application and integration of decision theory, preference theory, probability theory, game theory and mechanism design. The merger of these branches of mathematics with engineering will represent a transformative advance, providing a litmus test for the validity of theories of and approaches to systems engineering. A goal of this work will be the establishment of a set of rules that will define valid methods, procedures and processes for the conduct of engineering design and systems engineering.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

该奖项的研究目标是为系统工程的数学严谨理论提供一个框架，并开始其推导。系统工程的教授和实践通常基于一套启发式方法，这些启发式方法有时有效，但并不总是有效。缺乏严谨的理论导致许多项目遭遇延误、严重的成本超支和表现不佳。据估计，由此给联邦政府造成的损失，特别是通过军事和其他主要联邦采购造成的损失，每天可能超过2亿美元。在这些损失的同时，私营部门也出现了同样的损失。系统工程理论将作为对系统工程实践有效性的检验，并为健全的系统设计和决策提供理论，这将极有希望大幅减少这些损失。此外，严谨的理论将为完善的系统工程教育提供基础，并有可能在整个工程课程中革新工程教育。例如，它将成为教学不确定情况下工程设计决策的基础。人们注意到，系统工程的全面理论可以从简单的偏好陈述中推导出来，即“我想要我能得到的最好的系统”，其中“最佳”的定义完全由项目经理决定。这项工作所基于的洞察力观察到，设计和系统工程是决策过程，它依赖于使系统做出最佳决策的偏好，而不是对设计决策施加约束的物理原则。这个项目的方法与以往的设计理论和系统工程的推导有很大的偏差，它的实施需要决策理论、偏好理论、概率理论、博弈论和机制设计的严格应用和整合。这些数学分支与工程学的结合将代表着一种变革性的进步，为系统工程的理论和方法的有效性提供了试金石。这项工作的目标是建立一套规则，定义进行工程设计和系统工程的有效方法、程序和过程。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力优势和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。