CRII: CHS: RUI: Gaze Sharing to Support Remote Collaboration

CRII：CHS：RUI：目光共享支持远程协作

• 批准号: 1948517
• 负责人: Alexandra Papoutsaki
• 金额: $ 10.56万
• 依托单位: Pomona College
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-09-01 至 2024-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1948517&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CRII; CHS; RUI; Gaze; Sharing

Remote collaboration is becoming a common practice in virtually all employment sectors as it enables flexibility, accommodates different lifestyles, combines resources, and reduces expenses. Despite its numerous advantages and the many technological advancements to support it, there remain numerous challenges. Remote collaborators struggle to maintain shared awareness, mutual understanding, and coordination, leading to frustration and time and monetary loss. Recently, dual eye tracking technology has been explored as a novel way of enhancing remote synchronous collaboration. Through gaze sharing, the process where two collaborators can see each other's point of gaze visualized on their individual screens in real time, remote collaborators in diverse settings have seen improvements in the quality and outcome of their interactions. This project will explore previously overlooked dimensions of remote collaboration and how it is affected by gaze sharing. In particular, it will investigate the communication channel that is used in conjunction with gaze sharing and will explore how gaze awareness affects multi-party groups that go beyond the traditionally studied pairs. This project will be a first step toward understanding how contextual gaze sharing can intelligently support remote collaboration in realistic scenarios that include multiple collaborators.Research on real-time gaze sharing has shown that it is a promising way to alleviate some of the limitations of lack of collocation by increasing shared awareness. However, prior gaze sharing studies have not considered the medium of communication and have only studied its effect on communication during audio calls. With the prevalence of text-based communication, it is important to systematically examine the combined effect of the communication medium and shared gaze on collaboration. The first phase of this project will explore gaze sharing as an additional signal to instant messaging and will contrast it to audio-based communication. Using existing communication theories, it will examine the joint effect of gaze sharing and primary channel of communication on collaboration through metrics that include gaze overlap, efficiency, effectiveness, and cognitive workload. The second phase of this project will focus on the group size of remote teams. Gaze sharing has been shown to be particularly effective in studies that include pairs, but it is unclear whether these positive effects would persist in multi-party groups. This project will explore the effect of gaze sharing on multiple collaborators through the development and release of a free and open-source writing platform that will allow multi-party gaze sharing. A user study on writing with groups of varying sizes will follow to uncover whether visualizing multiple gaze locations will be detrimental rather than beneficial to the quality of the collaboration and its outcome. The findings of this project will offer recommendations for future technologies that support multi-party collaborations through the use of different communication media and gaze sharing.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

远程协作正在成为几乎所有就业领域的普遍做法，因为它可以灵活，可容纳不同的生活方式，结合资源并减少费用。尽管具有许多优势和支持它的许多技术进步，但仍有许多挑战。遥远的合作者努力保持共同的认识，相互理解和协调，导致挫败感，时间和货币损失。最近，双重眼射技术已被探索为增强远程同步协作的一种新型方式。通过注视共享，两个合作者可以实时看到彼此在各个屏幕上可视化的目光观点的过程，在各种环境中的远程合作者看到了互动的质量和结果的改善。该项目将探索以前被忽视的远程协作维度以及如何受到注视共享的影响。特别是，它将调查与目光共享一起使用的通信渠道，并将探讨凝视意识如何影响超出传统研究对的多方组。该项目将是理解上下文目光共享如何在包括多个协作者的现实情况下智能支持远程协作的第一步。对实时目光共享的研究表明，通过提高共享认识来减轻一些缺乏搭配的局限性，这是一种有希望的方法。但是，先前的目光共享研究并未考虑过交流的媒介，而仅研究了在音频通话中对通信的影响。随着基于文本的交流的普遍性，重要的是系统地检查沟通媒介的综合效果并共同注视协作。该项目的第一阶段将探索目光共享，作为即时消息传递的附加信号，并将其与基于音频的通信进行对比。使用现有的沟通理论，它将通过指标来检查目光共享和主要沟通渠道对协作的共同效果，包括注视重叠，效率，有效性和认知工作量。该项目的第二阶段将集中在远程团队的小组规模上。凝视共享在包括对的研究中特别有效，但尚不清楚这些积极影响是否会持续在多方组中。该项目将通过开发和发布免费和开源的写作平台来探讨目光共享对多个合作者的影响，该平台将允许多方注视共享。随后将与各种大小的群体进行写作的用户研究，以发现可视化多个凝视地点是否有害而不是对协作质量及其结果有益。该项目的发现将为未来的技术提供建议，这些技术通过使用不同的通信媒体和目光共享来支持多方合作。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并被认为是值得通过基金会的智力优点和更广泛影响的审查标准通过评估来获得支持的。

项目成果

The elephant in the room: attention to salient scene features increases with comedic expertise

• DOI: 10.1007/s10339-022-01079-0
• 发表时间: 2022-03
• 期刊: Cognitive Processing
• 影响因子: 1.7
• 作者: Ori Amir;Konrad J Utterback;Justin Lee;Kevin S Lee;Suehyun Kwon;Dave M Carroll;Alexandra Papoutsaki-Alexandra-Pap

Effects of Shared Gaze on Audio- Versus Text-Based Remote Collaborations

共享目光对音频与基于文本的远程协作的影响

• DOI: 10.1145/3415207
• 发表时间: 2020
• 期刊: Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction
• 作者: Kütt, Grete Helena;Tanprasert, Teerapaun;Rodolitz, Jay;Moyza, Bernardo;So, Samuel;Kenderova, Georgia;Papoutsaki, Alexandra
• 通讯作者: Papoutsaki, Alexandra