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Collaborative Research: Sediment Transport Mechanisms and Geomorphic Processes Associated with Shore Ice along Cold Climate Coastlines

合作研究：与寒冷气候海岸线岸冰相关的沉积物输送机制和地貌过程

基本信息

批准号：
1950101
负责人：
Ethan Theuerkauf
金额：
$ 23.71万
依托单位：
Michigan State University
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2019
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2019-08-01 至 2024-07-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1950101&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Collaborative Research Sediment Transport Mechanisms

项目摘要

Cold climate coastlines are highly vulnerable to reduced winter ice cover in response to climate change. Limited or variable shore ice cover results in enhanced storm-induced coastal erosion and damage to coastal infrastructure. The dynamics of how reduced ice cover influences coastal evolution is poorly understood which inhibits accurate forecasting of future coastal response in cold climates. This work aims to improve our fundamental understanding of how sediment interacts with shore ice as well as the resulting coastal landscape change. The first part of the project will involve laboratory experiments aimed at studying the physics of sediment and ice interactions. The second part of the project will gather field measurements that use the laboratory measurements as a basis to investigate how cold climate coastlines naturally respond to the shore ice. This study will result in a model that will help explain how reduced and variable winter shore ice cover alters the coastal landscape, which will help coastal managers proactively plan for future climate change impacts. The project will train graduate and undergraduate students who will be recruited from groups underrepresented in the STEM fields. Public educational resources will be delivered to inner-city schools through partnership with Chicago Public Schools and will be shared nationally through The Scientific Research and Education Network (www.sciren.org), which is a science education non-profit founded by the PI.Accurate modeling of coastal evolution in cold climates is hindered by a limited understanding of the processes and responses associated with winter shore ice. This study will utilize unoccupied aerial and aquatic systems through a combined field and laboratory approach to test the hypothesis that variable ice cover is more erosive than consistent ice cover. This approach will yield the most comprehensive understanding to date of the morphodynamics of nearshore ice. Laboratory experiments in a frozen wave tank and ring shear apparatus will be used to constrain the forces required to entrain sediment within ice as well as the fundamental processes associated with transporting sediment-laden ice. Field investigations will be used to validate laboratory experiments as well as to describe the geomorphic processes and responses associated with shore ice. We will isolate the primary conditions facilitating sediment transport and shoreface geomorphic change during winter and resolve how the shoreface responds to these processes, which will provide the basis for models to include coastal evolution in cold temperature climates. The final result of this proposed study will be a conceptual model and set of empirically derived equations generated from the field and laboratory measurements that describe how shore ice drives sediment transport. This knowledge will be shared with practitioners through Great Lakes Coastal Zone Management Programs, local and regional stakeholder groups, and federal agencies.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

由于气候变化，寒冷气候的海岸线极易受到冬季冰盖减少的影响。有限的或多变的海岸冰覆盖加剧了风暴引起的海岸侵蚀和对海岸基础设施的破坏。人们对冰盖减少如何影响沿海演变的动力学知之甚少，这阻碍了对未来寒冷气候下沿海反应的准确预测。这项工作旨在提高我们对沉积物如何与海岸冰相互作用以及由此产生的海岸景观变化的基本理解。该项目的第一部分将包括实验室实验，目的是研究沉积物和冰相互作用的物理特性。该项目的第二部分将收集现场测量数据，以实验室测量数据为基础，研究寒冷气候下海岸线对海岸冰的自然反应。这项研究将产生一个模型，该模型将有助于解释冬季海岸冰盖减少和变化如何改变沿海景观，这将有助于沿海管理者积极规划未来气候变化的影响。该项目将培训研究生和本科生，他们将从STEM领域代表性不足的群体中招募。公共教育资源将通过与芝加哥公立学校的合作提供给市内学校，并通过PI创立的非营利性科学教育机构“科学研究与教育网络”（www.sciren.org）在全国范围内共享。由于对与冬季岸冰有关的过程和反应了解有限，对寒冷气候下海岸演变的准确模拟受到阻碍。本研究将利用空的空中和水生系统，通过实地和实验室相结合的方法来检验可变冰盖比恒定冰盖更具侵蚀性的假设。这种方法将产生迄今为止对近岸冰形态动力学最全面的了解。在冷冻波槽和环剪切装置中的实验室实验将用于约束在冰内夹带沉积物所需的力以及与运输含沙冰相关的基本过程。实地调查将用于验证实验室实验，以及描述与海岸冰有关的地貌过程和反应。我们将分离出冬季促进沉积物运输和海岸地貌变化的主要条件，并解决海岸对这些过程的反应，这将为包括低温气候下海岸演变的模型提供基础。这项拟议研究的最终结果将是一个概念模型和一组由现场和实验室测量产生的经验推导方程，这些方程描述了岸冰如何驱动沉积物运输。这些知识将通过五大湖海岸带管理项目、地方和区域利益相关者团体以及联邦机构与从业人员分享。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。