The Multi-Mission Maximum Likelihood Framework (3ML): a Tool to Explore the High-Energy Universe in the Era of Multi Messenger Astrophysics

多任务最大似然框架（3ML）：多信使天体物理时代探索高能宇宙的工具

• 批准号: 2011759
• 负责人: Nicola Omodei
• 金额: $ 33.52万
• 依托单位: Stanford University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-09-01 至 2024-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2011759&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Multi; Mission; Maximum; Likelihood; Framework

Astrophysical sources are now observed by many instruments at wavelengths from radio to high-energy gamma-rays, and using different messengers, including light, light polarization, neutrinos, cosmic rays, and gravitational waves. Extracting insight from these data is currently very difficult because each instrument has its own data format, software, and analysis procedure, each requiring specialized knowledge and training. The Multi-Mission Maximum Likelihood framework (3ML) solves this issue, allowing easy modeling using all available data, independent of origin. Each instrument provides an interface from their data to 3ML, while 3ML optimizes model parameters to match all of the data as well as possible. This award supports the continued development of 3ML, focusing in particular on enabling new science for the High-Altitude Water Cerenkov telescope (HAWC) through the HAWC Accelerated Likelihood (HAL), a new 3ML component. The project includes tutorials to promote the use of 3ML for multi-wavelength study, targeting undergraduate and graduate students and exposing them to competitive research projects and fundamental questions in astrophysics.This work on 3ML and HAL is necessary to enable progress on several key scientific questions, such as: 1) cosmic ray acceleration, and in particular the open question of the source of ultra-high-energy Cosmic Rays; 2) dark matter annihilation cross sections through the modeling of the gamma-ray sky; 3) the origin of astrophysical neutrinos; 4) high-energy counterparts to gravitational wave signals and gamma-ray bursts; and 5) the extra-Galactic background light, by a stacking analysis of the spectra of many sources simultaneously.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

天体物理源现在被许多仪器观测，其波长从无线电到高能伽马射线，并使用不同的信使，包括光、光偏振、中微子、宇宙射线和引力波。从这些数据中提取信息目前非常困难，因为每种仪器都有自己的数据格式、软件和分析程序，每种仪器都需要专门的知识和培训。多任务最大似然框架（3ML）解决了这个问题，允许使用所有可用数据轻松建模，独立于来源。每个仪器提供一个接口，从他们的数据到3ML，而3ML优化模型参数，以匹配所有的数据以及尽可能。该奖项支持3ML的持续发展，特别是通过HAWC加速可能性（HAL），一种新的3ML组件，为高海拔水切伦科夫望远镜（HAWC）提供新科学。该项目包括推广3ML在多波长研究中的应用的教程，针对本科生和研究生，让他们接触竞争性研究项目和天体物理学的基本问题。这项关于3ML和HAL的工作对于实现几个关键科学问题的进展是必要的，例如：1)宇宙射线加速，特别是超高能量宇宙射线来源的开放问题；2)暗物质湮灭截面通过伽玛射线天空的建模；3)天体物理中微子的起源；4)引力波信号和伽马射线暴的高能对应物；5)银河系外背景光，通过同时对多个光源的光谱进行叠加分析。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

项目成果

Spectral and Energy Morphology Analysis Study of HAWC J2031+415

HAWC J2031 415 的光谱和能量形貌分析研究

• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: 37th International Cosmic Ray Conference
• 作者: Abeysekara, A. U.;Albert, A.;Alfaro, R.;Alvarez, C.;Álvarez Romero, J. d.;Camacho, J. R.;Arteaga Velazquez, J. C.;Kollamparambil, A. B.;Avila Rojas, D. O.;Ayala Solares, H. A.
• 通讯作者: Ayala Solares, H. A.

Improving INTEGRAL/SPI data analysis of GRBs

改进伽玛暴的 INTEGRAL/SPI 数据分析

• DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/202243189
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Astronomy & Astrophysics
• 影响因子: 6.5
• 作者: Biltzinger, B.;Greiner, J.;Burgess, J. M.;Siegert, T.
• 通讯作者: Siegert, T.

The IXPE View of GRB 221009A

• DOI: 10.3847/2041-8213/acba17
• 发表时间: 2023-01
• 期刊: The Astrophysical Journal Letters
• 作者: M. Negro;N. Di Lalla;N. Omodei;P. Veres;S. Silvestri;A. Manfreda;E. Burns;L. Baldini;E. Costa;S. Ehlert;J. Kennea;I. Liodakis;H. Marshall;S. Mereghetti;R. Middei;F. Muleri;S. O’Dell;O. Roberts;R. Romani;C. Sgro’;Masanobu Terashima;A. Tiengo;Domenico Viscolo;A. Di Marco;F. La Monaca;L. Latronico;G. Matt;M. Perri;S. Puccetti;J. Poutanen;A. Ratheesh;D. Rogantini;P. Slane;P. Soffitta;E. Lindfors;K. Nilsson;Anni Kasikov;A. Marscher;F. Tavecchio;N. Cibrario;S. Gunji;C. Malacaria;A. Paggi;Yi-Jung Yang;S. Zane;M. Weisskopf;I. Agudo;L. A. Antonelli;M. Bachetti;W. Baumgartner;R. Bellazzini;S. Bianchi;S. Bongiorno;R. Bonino;A. Brez;N. Bucciantini;F. Capitanio;S. Castellano;E. Cavazzuti;Chien-Ting Chen;S. Ciprini;A. De Rosa;E. Del Monte;L. Di Gesu;I. Donnarumma;V. Doroshenko;M. Dovc̆iak;T. Enoto;Y. Evangelista;S. Fabiani;R. Ferrazzoli;Javier A. García;K. Hayashida;J. Heyl;W. Iwakiri;S. Jorstad;P. Kaaret;V. Karas;F. Kislat;T. Kitaguchi;J. Kolodziejczak;H. Krawczynski;S. Maldera;Frédéric Marin;A. Marinucci;I. Mitsuishi;T. Mizuno;C. Ng;C. Oppedisano;A. Papitto;G. Pavlov;A. L. Peirson;M. Pesce-Rollins;P. Petrucci;M. Pilia;A. Possenti;B. Ramsey;J. Rankin;G. Spandre;D. Swartz;T. Tamagawa;R. Taverna;Y. Tawara;A. Tennant;N. Thomas;F. Tombesi;A. Trois;S. Tsygankov;R. Turolla;J. Vink;K. Wu;F. Xie

Revisiting the Spectral Energy Correlations of GRBs with Fermi Data. I. Model-wise Properties

• DOI: 10.3847/1538-4365/acc867
• 发表时间: 2022-11
• 期刊: The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series
• 作者: Liang Li

Particle Acceleration in the Cygnus Superbubble

• DOI: 10.22323/1.395.0831
• 发表时间: 2021-07
• 期刊: Proceedings of 37th International Cosmic Ray Conference — PoS(ICRC2021)
• 作者: B. Hona