SBIR Phase I: Creating a Master Transformation Recipient Line for Chloroplast Engineering of Maize

SBIR 第一阶段：为玉米叶绿体工程创建主转化受体系

• 批准号: 2015099
• 负责人: Jeffrey Staub
• 金额: $ 22.5万
• 依托单位: PLASTOMICS INC.
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-05-15 至 2021-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2015099&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: SBIR; Phase; Creating; Master; Transformation

The broader impact of this Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) Phase I project is to develop environmentally sustainable, higher yielding, pest-resistant biotech crops. Crops of the future need dozens of traits to achieve higher yields and protect themselves against insects, pests, diseases and changing environmental conditions. The proposed technology will enable efficient production of crops engineered with multiple trait genes, higher efficacy of the desired traits, and faster breeding and seed production to accelerate distribution. Unlike current solutions, the proposed technology ensures that traits will not be transferred to weeds or native plant species via pollen. The initial application is corn, the most valuable commercial crop in the US, with insights expected to enhance other crops. The proposed project aims to create a chloroplast (plastid) transformation platform for engineering corn. Although chloroplast engineering (transplastomic) technology has been developed successfully in a number of dicot crop species (i.e., tobacco, potato), a reproducible technology has not been developed for any monocot crop (i.e., corn, sorghum). The available evidence indicates that the rate-limiting step is the need for a strong selection system to enable the identification and amplification of rare transformed plastids in the embryogenic tissue culture systems typical for monocots. This project will create a Master Transformation Recipient Line (MTRL) of corn for use in a chloroplast engineering platform. The MTRL will contain a targeted genome deletion in a chloroplast-encoded photosynthetic gene, allowing for development of a new selection system that can lead to successful chloroplast engineering of monocot crops. Ultimately, the corresponding wild-type chloroplast photosynthetic gene will be delivered to the MTRL with other desired traits, facilitating an elegant selection of transformed plastids with the deleted photosynthetic gene restored and as well as carrying the new traits of interest.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

这个小企业创新研究（SBIR）第一阶段项目的更广泛影响是开发环境可持续，高产，抗虫害的生物技术作物。未来的作物需要几十种性状来实现更高的产量，并保护自己免受昆虫，害虫，疾病和不断变化的环境条件的影响。 该技术将使具有多个性状基因的作物的高效生产，所需性状的更高功效，以及更快的育种和种子生产以加速分配。与目前的解决方案不同，所提出的技术确保性状不会通过花粉转移到杂草或本地植物物种。最初的应用是玉米，这是美国最有价值的商业作物，其见解有望提高其他作物的产量。拟议项目旨在为工程玉米创建叶绿体（质体）转化平台。虽然叶绿体工程（转质体）技术已经在许多双子叶作物物种（即，烟草，马铃薯），尚未开发出用于任何单子叶作物的可再生技术（即，玉米、高粱）。现有的证据表明，限速步骤是需要一个强大的选择系统，使罕见的转化质体的鉴定和扩增的胚性组织培养系统典型的单子叶植物。该项目将创建一个玉米主转化系（MTRL），用于叶绿体工程平台。MTRL将在叶绿体编码的光合基因中包含靶向基因组缺失，从而允许开发新的选择系统，该系统可以成功地对单子叶作物进行叶绿体工程改造。 最终，相应的野生型叶绿体光合基因将与其他所需性状一起被输送到MTRL，从而促进了对恢复了缺失的光合基因并携带新的感兴趣性状的转化质体的优雅选择。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估而被认为值得支持。