Scholars Award: From Wet Nursing to Milk Banks: A History of Nursing

学者奖：从湿护理到母乳库：护理史

• 批准号: 2020648
• 负责人: Victoria Langland
• 金额: $ 22.62万
• 依托单位: Regents of the University of Michigan - Ann Arbor
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-01-01 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2020648&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Scholars; Award; Wet; Nursing; Milk

Global health experts are concerned with low nursing rates and are seeking targeted interventions with the potential to substantially improve nursing practices, yet there have been few studies of the history of nursing or milk banking. This project investigates how scientists, medical practitioners, parents, and policy makers have produced diverse forms of knowledge about nursing from the 19th century to the present and how these various understandings have been challenged, upheld, and/or changed. It has five main goals: (1) examine the production and transformation of scientific knowledge about nursing; (2) explore the history of nursing techniques and technologies; (3) investigate changing understandings of the human labor involved in nursing; (4) consider racialized understanding of the labor involved in nursing; and, (5) trace the growth and development of milk banks. Overall, the project will contribute to understanding of why nursing is more or less common at different moments and for whom, and it will be useful for those involved in efforts to support maternal and infant health as it relates to nursing, milk banking, and the decisions families make vis-a-vis infant nutrition.This project applies historical and qualitative analysis to archival materials and oral histories to examine nursing as intertwined with the histories of wet nursing and milk banking in relation to studies of carework and the commodification of biosubstances. In so doing, it provides a novel perspective on the relationship between racialized understandings of the forms of labor involved in nursing and the development of biobanking practices that depersonalize milk from the women who produce it. The project contributes to ongoing conversations in STS about the ways in which gender, race, and technology are co-constitutive; to historical and sociological studies of reproductive labor, intimate labor, and carework; to gender and women’s studies; and to histories of medicine, public health, labor, and gender.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

全球卫生专家对低护理率感到担忧，并正在寻求有可能大幅改善护理实践的有针对性的干预措施，但很少有关于护理或母乳银行历史的研究。这个项目调查了从19世纪到现在，科学家、医生、父母和政策制定者是如何产生关于护理的各种形式的知识的，以及这些不同的理解是如何受到挑战、坚持和/或改变的。它有五个主要目标：(1)考察有关护理的科学知识的产生和转化；(2)探索护理技术和技术的历史；(3)调查对护理所涉及的人类劳动的理解的变化；(4)考虑对护理所涉及的劳动的种族理解；以及(5)跟踪母乳银行的生长和发展。总体而言，该项目将有助于理解为什么哺乳在不同的时刻和对谁来说或多或少是普遍的，它将有助于那些参与支持母婴健康努力的人，因为它涉及到护理、母乳储存以及家庭对婴儿营养做出的决定。该项目对档案材料和口述历史进行历史和定性分析，以审查与护理工作和生物物质商品化研究相关的护理与母乳储存历史交织在一起的情况。在这样做的过程中，它提供了一个新的视角，揭示了对护理工作中涉及的劳动形式的种族主义理解与生物库做法的发展之间的关系，这些做法使生产母乳的妇女失去了个性。该项目有助于STS正在进行的关于性别、种族和技术共同构成的方式的对话；生殖劳动、亲密劳动和护理工作的历史和社会学研究；性别和妇女研究；以及医学史、公共卫生、劳工和性别史。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。