EAGER: Pilot Fiber Seismic Networks at the Amundsen-Scott South Pole Station

EAGER：阿蒙森-斯科特南极站试点光纤地震网络

• 批准号: 2022920
• 负责人: Zhongwen Zhan
• 金额: $ 30万
• 依托单位: California Institute of Technology
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-07-15 至 2024-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2022920&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: EAGER; Pilot; Fiber; Seismic; Networks

This EAGER award will explore the Distributed Acoustic Sensing emerging technology that transforms a single optical fiber into a massively multichannel seismic array. This technology may provide a scalable and affordable way to deploy dense seismic networks. Experimental Distributed Acoustic Sensing equipment will be tested in the Antarctic exploiting unused (dark) strands in the existing fiber-optic cable that connects the U.S. Amundsen-Scott South Pole Station to the Remote Earth Science and Seismological Observatory (SPRESSO) located about 7.5-km from the main station. Upon processing the seismic signals, the Distributed Acoustic Sensing may provide a new tool to structurally image firn, glacial ice, and glacial bedrock. Learning how Distributed Acoustic Sensing would work on the ice sheet, scientists can then check seismological signals propagating through the Earth's crust and mantle variously using natural icequakes and earthquakes events in the surrounding area.The investigators propose to convert at least 8 km of pre-existing fiber optic cable at the Amundsen-Scott South Pole station into more than 8000 sensors to explore the potential of Distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) as a breakthrough data engine for polar seismology. The DAS array will operate for about one year, allowing them to (1) evaluate and calibrate the performance of the DAS technology in the extreme cold, very low noise (including during the exceptionally quiet austral winter) polar plateau environment; (2) record and analyze local ambient and transient signals from ice, anthropogenic signals, ocean microseism, atmospheric and other processes, as well as to study local, regional, and teleseismic tectonic events; (3) structurally image the firn, glacial ice, glacial bed, crust, and mantle, variously using active sources, ambient seismic noise, and natural icequake and earthquake events.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

EAGER奖项将探索分布式声学传感新兴技术，该技术将单根光纤转换为大规模多通道地震阵列。这项技术可以提供一种可扩展的和负担得起的方式来部署密集的地震网络。实验性分布式声学传感设备将在南极进行测试，利用现有光纤电缆中未使用的（暗）股，将美国阿蒙森-斯科特南极站连接到距离主站约7.5公里的远程地球科学和地震观测站（SPRESSO）。在处理地震信号后，分布式声学传感可能提供一种新的工具，以结构成像的积雪，冰川冰，冰川基岩。学习分布式声学传感如何在冰盖上工作，然后，科学家们就可以利用周围地区的自然冰震和地震事件来检查通过地壳和地幔传播的地震信号。研究人员建议将阿蒙森的至少8公里的现有光纤电缆转换为斯科特南极站的8000多个传感器，探索分布式声学传感（DAS）作为极地地震学突破性数据引擎的潜力。DAS阵列将运行约一年，使他们能够（1）评估和校准DAS技术在极冷、极低噪声环境中的性能。（包括异常安静的南极冬季）极地高原环境;（2）记录和分析来自冰的局部环境和瞬态信号、人为信号、海洋微震、大气和其他过程，以及研究局部、区域、该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。