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Dust Driven Multiphase Hydrodynamics in Planetary Nebulae

行星状星云中尘埃驱动的多相流体动力学

基本信息

批准号：
2044625
负责人：
Jacob McFarland
金额：
$ 25.18万
依托单位：
Texas A&M Engineering Experiment Station
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Continuing Grant
财政年份：
2020
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2020-09-01 至 2022-08-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2044625&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Dust Driven Multiphase Hydrodynamics Planetary

项目摘要

Average stars, like the sun, eventually use up all their fuel and die. They leave behind beautiful corpses in the form large glowing clouds of gas and dust known as planetary nebulae. These nebulae are stunning and colorful with diverse and distinctive shapes, earning them names like cat?s eye, helix, and dumbbell. While a nebula is born from a round star, different effects in the life of stars result in nebulae with these distinctive shapes, for unknown reasons. These nebulae are also important sources of cosmic dust; it is this dust from which our planet and we were made. The role of dust in the shaping and aging of these nebulae is not well understood. The investigators study how the shapes of planetary nebulae can be explained by the interactions of gas flows, light, and dust particles that come from the star, just prior to its death. The shaping of these planetary nebulae occurs over thousands of years and at distances of many trillions of miles, making it difficult to experiment with them. Instead, the investigators will create super-computer simulations of planetary nebulae. These models run in hours instead of thousands of years. These models give a better understanding of the interactions of dust, light, and gas. The investigators will compare their model results to observations of real planetary nebulae. This project combines knowledge from both astrophysics and engineering. This interdisciplinary approach will also apply to training graduate students and conducting K-12 outreach, using both engineering and astrophysics. The investigators will create classroom activities that help K-12 students understand the interactions of light and matter. The primary objective of this work is to determine the role of dust in the formation of observed small-scale (cometary knots) and large-scale (bipolar axisymmetric ejecta) hydrodynamic features found in planetary nebulae. The investigators hypothesize that these events are driven by multiphase coupling of dust and gas in shock and radiation driven hydrodynamics arising from perturbed, heterogeneous, initial conditions.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

普通的恒星，像太阳一样，最终会耗尽所有的燃料而死亡。它们留下了美丽的尸体，形成了巨大的发光的气体和尘埃云，被称为行星状星云。这些星云令人惊叹，色彩斑斓，形状各异，为它们赢得了像猫一样的名字。S眼，螺旋和哑铃。虽然星云是从一颗圆形恒星中诞生的，但由于未知的原因，恒星生命的不同影响导致了这些独特形状的星云。这些星云也是宇宙尘埃的重要来源；正是这些尘埃构成了我们的星球和我们。尘埃在这些星云的形成和老化过程中所起的作用尚不清楚。研究人员研究了行星状星云的形状是如何通过恒星死亡前的气流、光和尘埃粒子的相互作用来解释的。这些行星状星云的形成经历了数千年的时间，距离达数万亿英里，因此很难对它们进行实验。相反，研究人员将创建行星状星云的超级计算机模拟。这些模型运行在几个小时内，而不是几千年。这些模型可以更好地理解尘埃、光和气体之间的相互作用。研究人员将把他们的模型结果与实际行星状星云的观测结果进行比较。这个项目结合了天体物理学和工程学的知识。这种跨学科的方法也将适用于培养研究生和进行K-12外展，同时使用工程和天体物理学。研究人员将创建课堂活动，帮助K-12学生了解光与物质的相互作用。这项工作的主要目的是确定尘埃在行星状星云中观测到的小尺度（彗星结）和大尺度（双极性轴对称喷射）流体动力学特征形成中的作用。研究人员假设，这些事件是由激波和辐射驱动的流体动力学中尘埃和气体的多相耦合驱动的，这些流体动力学是由扰动、非均质初始条件引起的。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。