STTR Phase I: Waste Torrefaction Technology

STTR第一期：废弃物烘焙技术

• 批准号: 2052302
• 负责人: Stas Zinchik
• 金额: $ 25.6万
• 依托单位: ZITECHNOLOGIES INC.
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-07-15 至 2023-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2052302&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: STTR; Phase; Waste; Torrefaction; Technology

The broader impact of this Small Technology Transfer Research (STTR) Phase I project is to address sustainability by conversing waste into a clean and renewable resource. Waste incineration has been practiced for some time and brings operational difficulties and high emissions. The proposed project advances a technology to convert waste into a a solid fuel. The proposed project advances a torrefaction solution for industrial use. Torrefied waste is significantly low in hazardous components (chlorine) and can be pulverized, enabling application as a solid renewable fuel. However, waste is a feedstock that is extremely difficult to handle and convey due to low density and large inconsistencies. The chlorine content of waste can (i) cause severe corrosion and (ii) require strict emission control, with significant increase in cost. Further, it cannot be used in pulverized fuel boilers as it is not grindable. This project advances a small torrefaction system (50 kg/hr) addressing these issues by developing: (1) a waste handling unit that downsizes to 2 mm size with a unique feeding system that avoids bridging; (2) a cramming unit that can handle hard to flow and low-density materials; and (3) a cooling system for safety; and (4) a torrefaction-extrusion reactor. This reactor does the following: (i) reduces the organic chlorine to acceptable levels; (ii) decomposes long polymeric chains and makes the material friable, thus grindable; (iii) homogenizes and downsizing the material due to mechanical mixing; and (iv) uses an integrated compaction that reduces footprint and improves the economics.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

这一小型技术转让研究第一阶段项目的更广泛影响是通过将废物转化为清洁和可再生资源来解决可持续性问题。垃圾焚烧已经实行了一段时间，带来了运营困难和高排放。拟议中的项目推进了一项将废物转化为固体燃料的技术。拟议的项目提出了一种工业用的烘干解决方案。经过处理的废物有害成分(氯)含量低得多，而且可以粉碎，可以作为固体可再生燃料应用。然而，废物是一种极难处理和运输的原料，因为密度低，不一致性大。废物中的氯含量可能(I)导致严重的腐蚀和(Ii)需要严格的排放控制，从而显著增加成本。此外，它不能用于煤粉燃料锅炉，因为它是不可研磨的。该项目提出了一种小型焚烧系统(50公斤/小时)，通过开发：(1)缩小到2毫米大小的废物处理单元，其独特的进料系统避免了桥接；(2)能够处理难流动和低密度材料的填充单元；以及(3)安全冷却系统；以及(4)焚烧-挤压反应堆。该反应堆的作用如下：(I)将有机氯降低到可接受的水平；(Ii)分解长的聚合链，使材料变得易碎，从而可研磨；(Iii)通过机械混合使材料均化和缩小尺寸；以及(Iv)使用减少足迹和改善经济的综合压实。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力优势和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。