Harmonisation of the law on successive fixed-term contracts in the European Union, an analysis of the hamonising effect of Directive 1999/70 with regard to successive fixed-term contracts based on a comparison of law.

在那些欧盟拥有立法权的法律领域，欧盟努力实现法律的统一。为此目的，欧盟主要使用指令，其中包括关于定期合同的1999/70号指令，其目的之一是防止滥用连续的定期合同。迄今为止，尚无关于该指令达到的协调程度的研究。出现这个问题是因为除非有协调效果，否则指令所要求的成员国的立法限制是不合理的。指令1999/70特别适合于协调效果的研究：一方面，由于其框架特征，其协调效果不如其他指令确定。另一方面，会员国在改变其条例方面遇到了一些困难。这一事实反映在不同会员国的法院就这一问题提出的移交诉讼中。该项目的目的是分析欧盟在连续定期合同领域实现的协调程度，并评估1999/70号指令是否履行了其协调职能。为了达到这一目标，分析了该指令提供的欧洲要求。此外，还研究了一些会员国关于连续定期合同的法律，从而为比较这些国家提供的保护水平奠定了基础。在这些临时目标（指令规定的要求、国别报告、法律比较）方面取得的成果使评估1999/70号指令（主要目标）的协调效果成为可能。第一个临时目标是根据欧洲法院的判例法，分析1999/70号指令规定的欧洲对连续定期合同的要求。同时，第二个临时目标（关于连续定期合同法的国家报告）的工作可以开始。首先将决定哪些国家将被纳入该项目。随后将编制国别报告。它们将在问卷（12个问题）的帮助下创建。暂时来说，这部分将是项目的主要部分。国别报告是关于被审查会员国的保护水平的比较部分（第三个临时目标）的基础。对这些报告的评价将表明，可以在多大程度上从这些报告中收集监管模式，以及是否有国家具有类似的监管结构。有可能，在一些国家只有准时的一致性，有可能，有更大的一致性。比较部分还将显示哪些问题得到了重视，以及是否所有或至少大部分被审查国家的结果是相同的。在结果的基础上，关于1999/70号指令在连续定期合同领域实现的协调程度的基本问题可以得到回答。

In those fields of law, in which the EU has legislative powers, it strives for the harmonisation of law. For this purpose the EU uses mainly directives, among them Directive 1999/70 on fixed-term contracts which aims among other things to prevent the abuse of successive fixed-term contracts.To date there is no study on the degree of harmonisation reached by this directive. This question arises, because the legislative restrictions for the Member States that are entailed by the directive are not justified unless there is a harmonising effect. Directive 1999/70 is particularly suitable for a study on harmonisation effects: On the one hand, its harmonising effect is less certain than that of other directives because of its framework character. On the other hand, the Member States had some trouble transposing its regulations. This fact is reflected in the referral proceedings on this subject which were lodged by courts of different Member States.The aim of the project is to analyse the extent of the harmonisation achieved in the EU in the field of successive fixed-term contracts and to assess if Directive 1999/70 fulfils its harmonising function. To reach this aim, the European requirements provided by the directive are analysed. Moreover the law on successive fixed-term contracts in some Member states is researched thus laying the foundation to compare the level of protection provided by those countries. The results achieved on those interim goals (requirements provided by the directive, country reports, legal comparison) makes it possible to assess the harmonisational effects of Directive 1999/70 (main aim).The first interim goal is the analysis of the European requirements on successive fixed-term contracts provided by Directive 1999/70 in view of the case law of the ECJ.Simultaneously the wok on the second interim goal (country reports concerning the law on successive fixed-term contracts) can be commenced. It will firstly be settled which countries are to be included in the project. Subsequently the country reports will be compiled. They will be created with the help of a questionnaire (12 questions). In temporal terms this part will be the main part of the project.The country reports are the basis for the comparative part concerning the level of protection in the reviewed Member States (third interim goal). The evaluation of the reports will show to which extent regulatory models can be gleaned from them and if there are countries with a similar regulatory structure. Possibly, there are only punctual consistencys among some countries, possibly, there are greater consistencies. The comparative part will also show which issues are paid attention to and if the result is the same for all or at least a great part of the reviewed countries.On the basis of the results the basic question on the extent of the of the harmonisation achieved by Directive 1999/70 in the field of successive fixed-term contracts can be answered.