CRII: HCC: Temporal dynamics of team emotion and cognition in AI-supported decision-making

人工智能（AI）在影响人们生活的系统中变得越来越普遍和强大，帮助人们在市场决策、军事任务支持和医疗诊断等环境中做出决策。因此，有必要了解将AI方面添加到团队使用的工具中如何影响团队协作，以及它对组织实践的影响。该项目将通过研究在人工智能支持下的团队中，情感和认知过程如何随着时间的推移交织在一起，影响团队的决策表现，来解决这些问题。这项研究产生的见解将改进有关如何应用人工智能促进人类协作的现有知识。它将帮助各行各业的组织就是否以及何时采用人工智能工具做出明智的决策，并制定培训和干预措施，以改善人工智能支持的团队决策。这项研究还将帮助人工智能设计师更好地了解人工智能对团队决策的影响，并设计出更有效的人工智能工具来支持协作。该项目将人机交互（HCI）和团队研究的研究观点和实践相结合，旨在通过一系列实验室实验，开发一种以人为本的理论，探讨人工智能如何影响团队决策过程和结果。在实验中，团队将在人工智能的帮助下执行一系列决策任务。第一个实验将改变为团队决策任务提供信息和想法的人工智能系统的通信特征，研究人工智能系统的存在和通信风格如何影响团队交互过程和决策结果。在不同的团队协作阶段使用AI辅助时，第二个实验会有所不同——例如，AI辅助是在团队任务开始时引入还是在团队任务中间引入。第三个实验将调查决策任务中的团队更替如何与基于人工智能的工具的使用相互作用。使用计算方法观察和分析任务期间的团队信息共享、情感状态、学习和绩效。理解这些过程将有助于建立人工智能支持的团队决策理论，特别是在使用基于人工智能的工具的不同条件下，团队情感、认知及其相互关系的出现。分析方法可以帮助开发团队情感和认知的不显眼的测量方法，并创建新的研究范例、测量方法和材料（例如任务设计和定制的聊天机器人），这些可以被更广泛的科学界使用。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

Artificial intelligence (AI) is becoming increasingly present and powerful in systems that affect people’s lives, helping people make decisions in contexts ranging from market decisions, military task support, and medical diagnosis. It is thus essential to understand how adding AI aspects to the tools teams use influences team collaboration, and its implications for organizational practices. This project will address those questions through studying how affective and cognitive processes in teams with AI support intertwine to shape team decision-making performance over time. Insights produced by this research will improve existing knowledge about how AI can be applied to facilitate human collaboration. It will help organizations in various industries make informed decisions about whether and when to adopt AI tools, and develop training and interventions to improve AI-supported team decision-making. The research will also help AI designers better understand AI’s impact on team decision-making and to design more effective AI tools to support collaboration. Bridging research perspectives and practices from human-computer interaction (HCI) and team research, this project seeks to develop a human-centered theory on how AI may shape team decision-making processes and outcomes through a set of lab experiments. In the experiments, teams will perform a series of decision-making tasks with AI assistance. The first experiment will vary the communication features of an AI system that provides information and ideas to a team decision-making task, examining how both the presence and the communication style of the AI system affects team interaction processes and decision-making outcomes. The second experiment will vary when AI assistance is employed in different team collaboration stages – for example, whether AI assistance was introduced at the beginning of the team task or in the middle of the team task. The third experiment will investigate how team turnover during a decision-making task interacts with the use of AI-based tools. Team information sharing, affective status, learning, and performance during the tasks will be observed and analyzed using computational methods. Understanding these processes will contribute to theory on AI-supported team decision-making and in particular, the emergence of team emotion, cognition, and their inter-relations under different conditions of using AI-based tools. The analytical approach can help develop unobtrusive measures of team emotion and cognition and create new research paradigms, measures, and materials (such as task designs and customized chatbots) that can be used by the broader scientific community.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.