CRII: HCC: Temporal dynamics of team emotion and cognition in AI-supported decision-making

人工智能(AI)在影响人们生活的系统中正变得越来越存在和强大，帮助人们在从市场决策、军事任务支持到医疗诊断的各种背景下做出决策。因此，理解将人工智能方面添加到团队使用的工具中如何影响团队协作及其对组织实践的影响是至关重要的。这个项目将通过研究拥有人工智能支持的团队中的情感和认知过程如何随着时间的推移交织在一起来塑造团队决策绩效来解决这些问题。这项研究产生的见解将改善关于如何应用人工智能来促进人类协作的现有知识。它将帮助不同行业的组织就是否以及何时采用人工智能工具做出明智的决定，并开发培训和干预措施，以改善人工智能支持的团队决策。这项研究还将帮助人工智能设计师更好地了解人工智能对团队决策的影响，并设计更有效的人工智能工具来支持协作。该项目将人机交互(HCI)和团队研究的研究视角和实践联系起来，试图通过一系列实验室实验，发展一种以人为中心的理论，说明人工智能如何塑造团队决策过程和结果。在实验中，团队将在人工智能的帮助下执行一系列决策任务。第一个实验将改变人工智能系统的沟通功能，该系统为团队决策任务提供信息和想法，研究人工智能系统的存在和沟通风格如何影响团队互动过程和决策结果。第二个实验在不同的团队协作阶段使用人工智能辅助时会有所不同-例如，人工智能辅助是在团队任务的开始还是在团队任务的中间引入的。第三个实验将调查团队在决策任务中的更替如何与基于人工智能的工具的使用相互作用。将使用计算方法观察和分析团队在任务期间的信息共享、情感状态、学习和表现。理解这些过程将有助于人工智能支持的团队决策的理论，特别是团队情绪、认知的出现及其在不同条件下使用基于人工智能的工具的相互关系。分析方法可以帮助开发团队情绪和认知的非突出测量，并创建新的研究范式、测量和材料(如任务设计和定制的聊天机器人)，可供更广泛的科学界使用。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力优势和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

Artificial intelligence (AI) is becoming increasingly present and powerful in systems that affect people’s lives, helping people make decisions in contexts ranging from market decisions, military task support, and medical diagnosis. It is thus essential to understand how adding AI aspects to the tools teams use influences team collaboration, and its implications for organizational practices. This project will address those questions through studying how affective and cognitive processes in teams with AI support intertwine to shape team decision-making performance over time. Insights produced by this research will improve existing knowledge about how AI can be applied to facilitate human collaboration. It will help organizations in various industries make informed decisions about whether and when to adopt AI tools, and develop training and interventions to improve AI-supported team decision-making. The research will also help AI designers better understand AI’s impact on team decision-making and to design more effective AI tools to support collaboration. Bridging research perspectives and practices from human-computer interaction (HCI) and team research, this project seeks to develop a human-centered theory on how AI may shape team decision-making processes and outcomes through a set of lab experiments. In the experiments, teams will perform a series of decision-making tasks with AI assistance. The first experiment will vary the communication features of an AI system that provides information and ideas to a team decision-making task, examining how both the presence and the communication style of the AI system affects team interaction processes and decision-making outcomes. The second experiment will vary when AI assistance is employed in different team collaboration stages – for example, whether AI assistance was introduced at the beginning of the team task or in the middle of the team task. The third experiment will investigate how team turnover during a decision-making task interacts with the use of AI-based tools. Team information sharing, affective status, learning, and performance during the tasks will be observed and analyzed using computational methods. Understanding these processes will contribute to theory on AI-supported team decision-making and in particular, the emergence of team emotion, cognition, and their inter-relations under different conditions of using AI-based tools. The analytical approach can help develop unobtrusive measures of team emotion and cognition and create new research paradigms, measures, and materials (such as task designs and customized chatbots) that can be used by the broader scientific community.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.