Collaborative Research: RUI: Absorption and Emission Line Probes of Galactic Winds with eBOSS

星星的形成是一个非常低效的过程，只有5% - 20%的气体转化为恒星。星系外流在自我调节星星形成和维持低效率中起着重要作用。首席研究员（PI）Tremonti，Diamond-Stanic和Lundgren将使用扩展重子振荡光谱调查（eBOSS）中的30万个星系的观测结果来测量星系的物理特性，包括流出的气体，以调查导致星系星星形成效率低下的潜在物理学。 为了促进学生参与科学技术工程和数学（STEM），PI将使用eBOSS调查数据设计一套适合高中和本科生的基于网络的计算天文学活动。该团队将通过一系列针对教育工作者的研讨会来传播这些活动，并评估其在提高学生的数据素养、计算技能和科学兴趣方面的有效性。该团队将创建和分析基于数千个红移为0.4 z 1的单个eBOSS星系光谱的高质量光谱。他们将比较通过吸收线追踪的流出气体和通过排放线追踪的流出气体，以测试这些方法是否测量流出物的相同或不同成分。他们还将通过背光实验测量流出的几何形状和空间范围，这些实验使用背景类星体的光谱，并使用这些信息来估计强大的质量流出率。该团队将确定星系外流和星系之间的明确经验关系。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

Star formation is a very inefficient process with only 5% - 20% of the gas converted into stars. Galactic outflows play an important role in self-regulating star formation and maintaining the low efficiency. The Principal Investigators (PIs) Tremonti, Diamond-Stanic and Lundgren, will use observations of 300,000 galaxies from the extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (eBOSS) to measure the physical properties of galaxies, including the outflowing gas, to investigate the underlying physics responsible for the low efficiency of galactic star formation. To promote student engagement in science technology engineering and mathematics (STEM) the PIs will design a set of web-based computational astronomy activities suitable for both high school and undergraduate students using the eBOSS survey data. The team will disseminate these activities through a series of workshops for educators and evaluate their effectiveness in improving students’ data literacy, computational skills, and interests in science.The team will create and analyze high-quality spectra based on stacks of thousands of individual eBOSS galaxy spectra at redshifts of 0.4 z 1. They will compare outflowing gas traced via absorption lines to outflowing gas traced via emission lines to test whether these methodologies are measuring the same or different components of the outflow. They will also measure the geometry and spatial extent of the outflows through backlighting experiments that use the spectra of background quasars and use this information to estimate robust mass outflow rates. The team will identify clear empirical relationships between galactic outflows and galaxies. They will release a catalog of stacked spectra and associated physical properties to the public.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.