NSF Postdoctoral Fellowship in Biology FY 2021: Mechanisms and consequences of thermal stress effects on cognitive performance

2021 财年 NSF 生物学博士后奖学金：热应激对认知表现影响的机制和后果

• 批准号: 2109475
• 负责人: Melissa Proffitt
• 金额: $ 13.8万
• 依托单位: Proffitt, Melissa R
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Fellowship Award
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-01-01 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2109475&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: NSF; Postdoctoral; Fellowship; Biology; FY

This action funds an NSF Postdoctoral Research Fellowship in Biology for FY 2021, Broadening Participation of Groups Under-represented in Biology. The Fellowship supports a research and training plan for the Fellow that will increase the participation of groups underrepresented in biology. The project will address the need to understand how organisms respond to rising temperatures by measuring the organism’s behavior and physiology in response to temperature in two closely related songbirds. These songbirds vary in their ability to tolerate hot temperatures, which will allow the fellow to directly test this question. This research will advance scientific knowledge by providing insight into how and why different populations of birds vary in their response to heat in a changing climate. The project benefits society by taking a 4-tiered approach to address the need to develop a sense of community to support the recruitment and retention of underrepresented groups at the postdoctoral level. Many species are shifting their range in response to changes in climatic conditions that are altering selective pressures. Behavior can buffer these effects and facilitate survival. Cognitive traits, such as learning, can be particularly vital to survival when facing new challenges and could mean the difference between a species persisting and going extinct in an area. However, not much is known about how variation in thermal tolerance affects behavioral performance, particularly of cognitive traits. The project includes a set of integrative, experimental studies to fill this gap in knowledge by experimentally manipulating air temperature to quantify effects of learning on a spatial foraging task. Critically, the approach uses individuals from multiple populations across a latitudinal gradient spanning the shifting range limit of two species of songbird who vary in thermal tolerance, to ask how variation in thermal tolerance affects variation in cognitive performance under thermal stress. Overall, the research aims to use thermal stress as a biologically relevant tool to understand connections between behavioral responses to an organisms' environment and underlying physiological mechanisms over different scales from neurons to individuals to populations and species. The project will expand the evolutionary framework of the fellow’s research program and her training in designing and analyzing behavioral assays. Broadening participation activities focus on building community for postdocs from under-represented groups by organizing career development workshops, a lightning talk series, formalization of postdoctoral committees, and a postdoc run outreach event to provide an opportunity for the younger generation to see diversity in scientists.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

这项行动资助了2021财年的NSF生物学博士后研究奖学金，扩大了生物学中代表性不足的群体的参与。该研究金支持研究员的一项研究和培训计划，该计划将增加在生物学领域代表性不足的群体的参与。该项目将通过测量两种密切相关的鸣禽对温度的反应来了解生物体对温度升高的反应。这些鸣禽在忍受高温的能力上各不相同，这将使研究人员能够直接测试这个问题。这项研究将通过深入了解不同鸟类种群在不断变化的气候中对热量的反应如何以及为什么会有所不同来推进科学知识。该项目通过采取四个层次的方法来满足培养社区意识的需要，以支持博士后水平的代表性不足的群体的招聘和保留，从而使社会受益。许多物种正在改变它们的活动范围，以应对气候条件的变化，这些变化正在改变选择压力。行为可以缓冲这些影响，促进生存。认知特征，如学习，在面临新挑战时对生存特别重要，可能意味着一个物种在一个地区生存和灭绝之间的差异。然而，关于耐热性的变化如何影响行为表现，特别是认知特征，知之甚少。该项目包括一组综合性的实验研究，通过实验性地操纵空气温度来量化学习对空间觅食任务的影响，以填补这一知识空白。至关重要的是，该方法使用来自多个种群的个体跨越纬度梯度，跨越两种热耐受性不同的鸣禽的移动范围限制，以询问热耐受性的变化如何影响热应激下认知表现的变化。总的来说，这项研究的目的是利用热应激作为一种生物学相关的工具，来了解对生物体环境的行为反应与从神经元到个体到种群和物种的不同尺度的潜在生理机制之间的联系。该项目将扩展研究员研究计划的进化框架，以及她在设计和分析行为测定方面的培训。扩大参与活动的重点是通过组织职业发展讲习班、闪电谈话系列、博士后委员会的正规化，该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并被认为值得通过使用基金会的知识产权进行评估来支持。优点和更广泛的影响审查标准。