Probing New Physics at the Large Hadron Collider and Gravitational Wave Interferometers

该奖项资助内布拉斯加大学林肯分校黄培思教授的研究活动。大型强子对撞机是一个巨大的地下机器，它将质子束相互散射，以研究物质的基本成分，即基本粒子。考虑到大型强子对撞机和之前几代对撞机的大量数据，我们目前对基本粒子和它们之间的力有了相当扎实的了解——这些知识被封装在所谓的粒子物理学标准模型中。然而，有压倒性的证据表明，在标准模型之外存在着新的物理学。黄教授的研究旨在利用当前和未来的实验探测器来推进我们对这种新物理学的理解。因此，黄教授的研究通过促进科学在其最基本的方向之一的进步，即发现和理解新的物理定律，从而促进了国家利益。预计该项目还将产生更广泛的重大影响。拟议的研究将为不同群体的研究生和本科生提供培训机会。黄教授还将通过特别努力让女性、其他未被充分代表的少数民族和第一代大学生参与进来，以提高STEM的参与度。更技术性的是，拟议的研究将涉及理论计算和利用正在进行的实验项目的数据，包括大型强子对撞机和引力干涉仪，以推进对当前范式之外的基础物理学的理解。首先，黄博士将研究如何最大限度地发挥大型强子对撞机的发现潜力，重点是希格斯物理。其次，黄博士将利用引力波天文台探索标准模型之外的新物理，重点建立引力波物理和风味物理之间的联系。第三，黄博士将建立新的物理模型来解决宇宙中物质-反物质的不对称性。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

This award funds the research activities of Professor Peisi Huang at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln. The Large Hadron Collider is a vast underground machine that scatters beams of protons against each other to study the fundamental constituents of matter, known as elementary particles. Given huge amounts of data from the Large Hadron Collider and generations of colliders before it, we currently have a fairly robust understanding of the elementary particles and the forces between them --- knowledge encapsulated within the so-called Standard Model of particle physics. However, there is overwhelming evidence that there is new physics beyond the Standard Model. Professor Huang's research aims to utilize the current and future experimental probes to advance our understanding of this new physics. As such, Professor Huang's research advances the national interest by promoting the progress of science in one of its most fundamental directions: the discovery and understanding of new physical laws. This project is also envisioned to have significant broader impacts. The proposed research will provide training opportunities for a diverse group of graduate and undergraduate students. Professor Huang will also aim to increase participation in STEM by making a special effort to involve women, other underrepresented minorities, and first-generation college students. More technically, the proposed research will involve theoretical calculations and utilize data from ongoing experimental programs, including the Large Hadron Collider and Gravitational Interferometers, to advance understanding of fundamental physics beyond the current paradigm. First, Dr. Huang will investigate how to maximize the discovery potential of the Large Hadron Collider, with a focus on Higgs physics. Second, Dr. Huang will leverage gravitational wave observatories to probe new physics beyond the Standard Model, focusing on establishing a connection between gravitational wave physics and flavor physics. Third, Dr. Huang will build new physics models to address the matter-antimatter asymmetry in the universe.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.