Collaborative Research: Frameworks: The Einstein Toolkit Ecosystem: Enabling fundamental research in the era of multi-messenger astrophysics

来自五个机构(伊利诺伊大学厄巴纳-香槟分校、佐治亚理工学院、罗切斯特理工学院、路易斯安那州立大学和西弗吉尼亚大学)的专家团队正在合作进一步开发爱因斯坦工具包，这是一个社区驱动的开源网络基础设施生态系统，提供支持计算天体物理、引力物理和基础科学研究的计算工具。这些新工具解决了引力波源建模的当前和未来挑战，提高了代码库的可扩展性，并围绕爱因斯坦工具包支持扩大的科学和用户社区。爱因斯坦工具包是一套由社区驱动的研究级Python代码，用于执行天体物理和引力波计算。该代码是开源的，可通过CONDA(一个开源的包管理系统)访问，并代表了NSF在提供此类计算基础设施方面的长期投资。该软件旨在模拟致密双星作为引力波的来源。这个项目关注爱因斯坦工具包的可持续性；具体的研究工作集中在为工具包开发三个新的软件功能上：·CarpetX--一个新的网格优化驱动程序，以及Amrex和Cactus之间的接口，Amrex是一个包含编写大规模并行块结构自适应网格细化(AMR)代码的软件框架，Cactus是一个在科学和工程中构建各种计算应用的框架；·NRPy+--一个基于Python的用户友好的代码生成器；以及·Canuda--一个探索基础物理的新物理库。图形处理单元(GPU)的集成将把现代不同种类的计算设备整合到系统中，并将增强工具包的能力。通过集成到爱因斯坦工具包中，最终产品是可持续的，但也包括一个维护和增强基础组件的活跃社区。通过培训、文件编制和支持基础设施来减少社区采用的障碍，从而加强更广泛的影响。该团队还创建了一个科学门户网站，提供更多的教育和展示资源。这项由高级网络基础设施办公室颁发的奖项由国家科学基金会在宇宙之窗(WOU)的大创意活动联合支持。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力优势和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

A team of experts from five institutions (University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Georgia Institute of Technology, Rochester Institute of Technology, Louisiana State University, and West Virginia University) are collaborating on further development of the Einstein Toolkit, a community-driven, open-source cyberinfrastructure ecosystem providing computational tools supporting research in computational astrophysics, gravitational physics, and fundamental science. The new tools address current and future challenges in gravitational wave source modeling, improve the scalability of the code base, and support an expanded science and user community around the Einstein Toolkit.The Einstein Toolkit is a community-driven suite of research-grade Python codes for performing astrophysics and gravitational wave calculations. The code is open-source, accessible via Conda (an open source package management system) and represents a long-term investment by NSF in providing such computational infrastructure. The software is designed to simulate compact binary stars as sources of gravitational waves. This project focuses on the sustainability of the Einstein Toolkit; specific research efforts center around the development of three new software capabilities for the toolkit: • CarpetX -- a new mesh refinement driver and interface between AMReX, a software framework containing the functionality to write massively parallel block-structured adaptive mesh refinement (AMR) code, and Cactus, a framework for building a variety of computing applications in science and engineering;• NRPy+ -- a user-friendly code generator based on Python; and • Canuda -- a new physics library to probe fundamental physics. Integration of graphics processing units (GPUs) will incorporate modern heterogeneous computing devices into the system and will enhance the capability of the toolkit. The end product is sustainable through integration into the Einstein Toolkit, yet also includes an active community maintaining and enhancing the foundational components. Broader impacts are enhanced through training, documentation and a support infrastructure that reduces the barrier to adoption by the community. The team is also creating a science portal with additional educational and showcase resources. This award by the Office of Advanced Cyberinfrastructure is jointly supported by the National Science Foundation's Big Idea activities in Windows on the Universe (WoU).This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.