Patterns and Drivers of Intra-Urban Heat and Pollution Island Interactions

本研究以邻近地区为研究对象，探讨都市热与都市污染交互作用之时空变异。城市热岛（UHI）和城市污染岛（UPI）是一种有据可查的现象，与非城市地区相比，环境温度和污染不成比例地高。这对世界一半以上的人口构成严重的健康和环境风险。到目前为止，这两种环境危害已被独立研究，并在较大的城市地理范围内，因此很少有人知道它们如何相互作用，影响城市间居民的热量和空气质量。这项多学科的研究将开发地理方法，将改变有关城市内热岛和污染岛相互作用的模式和驱动因素的知识。该项目的教育活动将扩大本科女性和退伍军人对STEM科学的参与，并将通过开发有关环境风险的课程材料来加强K-12和大学课堂的科学数据素养。该项目使用混合方法，将通过公民科学家收集的空气温度和空气颗粒物的精细地面测量的密集网络，利用大尺度的地表温度和气溶胶的遥感数据。将对这些数据进行分析，以确定城市热岛和城市污染岛发生的时间和地点，以及它们的相互作用对城市居民构成的风险。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

This project investigates the spatial and temporal variation of urban heat and urban pollution interactions at the geographic scale of neighborhoods. Urban Heat Islands (UHI) and Urban Pollution Islands (UPI) are a well-documented phenomena where the ambient temperature and pollution are dis-proportionally high as compared to non-urban areas. This poses a critical health and environmental risk to more than half of the world’s population. Until now these two environmental hazards have been studied independently and at the larger geographic scale of cities, therefore little is known about how they interact to affect heat and air quality for inter-urban residents. This multidisciplinary research will develop geographical methods that will transform knowledge about the patterns and drivers of intra-urban Heat Island and Pollution Island interactions. The project’s educational activities will broaden participation of undergraduate women and military veterans in STEM sciences and will strengthen scientific data literacy in K-12 and college classrooms by developing curricular materials on environmental risks.Using a mixed methods approach, this project couples a dense network of fine-scale ground measurements of air temperature and air particulates collected via citizen scientists, with large-scale remotely sensed data of land surface temperature and aerosols. These data will be analyzed to determine when and where urban heat islands and urban pollution islands occur, and the risks that their interaction poses to urban residents. These results will support informed decision-making for urban heat and air pollution mitigation.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.