MRI: Acquisition of a MIni CArbon DAting System (MICADAS) for climate change and air quality research

MRI：购买 MIni CArbon 约会系统 (MICADAS) 用于气候变化和空气质量研究

• 批准号: 2117634
• 负责人: Claudia Czimczik
• 金额: $ 219.94万
• 依托单位: University of California-Irvine
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-09-01 至 2024-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2117634&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: MRI; Acquisition; MIni; CArbon; DAting

This MRI award provides funding for new instrumentation at the W. M. Keck Carbon Cycle Accelerator Mass Spectrometry (KCCAMS) facility at the University for California, Irvine to support research on greenhouse gases and aerosols affecting climate and air quality. The investment will enable high quality measurements of a radioactively decaying isotope of carbon (“radiocarbon”) in carbon-containing substances influencing atmospheric composition and the global carbon cycle. The new instrument is a commercially available system that combines a compact accelerator mass spectrometer with several automated delivery systems to facilitate an efficient and comprehensive analysis of gases and organic solids. In addition to radiocarbon, the system also measures the carbon and nitrogen content and stable isotope composition of samples. This new technology allows for a more rapid and accurate analysis of organic solids (e.g., plant tissue, organic soils, bulk aerosol) and carbon dioxide. The increased sample throughput will enable a research team from several Southern California institutions (UC Irvine, UC Riverside, NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory) to (1) identify contributions of fossil fuels to carbon dioxide and methane emissions; (2) quantify how carbon cycle processes impact future levels of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere and climate warming, including the impacts of permafrost thaw and intensifying wildfire regimes; (3) separate fossil, biomass burning, and biogenic contributions to carbonaceous aerosols that influence the Earth’s radiation budget and air quality; and (4) understand long term changes in the contemporary and future global carbon cycle. The acquisition of this instrument will provide research and technical training opportunities for a diverse community of students and will significantly strengthen the ability of U.S. researchers to study the changing land surface and atmosphere.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

这项MRI奖项为加州大学欧文分校W.M.Keck碳循环加速器质谱仪(KCCAMS)设施的新仪器提供资金，以支持影响气候和空气质量的温室气体和气溶胶的研究。这项投资将能够高质量地测量影响大气组成和全球碳循环的含碳物质中具有放射性的碳的衰变同位素(“放射性碳”)。新仪器是一种商用系统，它将紧凑型加速器质谱仪与几个自动输送系统结合在一起，以促进对气体和有机固体的有效和全面分析。除了放射性碳，该系统还测量样品的碳、氮含量和稳定的同位素组成。这项新技术允许对有机固体(例如，植物组织、有机土壤、散装气溶胶)和二氧化碳进行更快速、更准确的分析。样本吞吐量的增加将使南加州大学几个机构(加州大学欧文分校、加州大学河滨分校、美国宇航局喷气推进实验室)的一个研究小组能够(1)确定化石燃料对二氧化碳和甲烷排放的贡献；(2)量化碳循环过程如何影响大气中未来的温室气体水平和气候变暖，包括永冻土融化和加剧野火制度的影响；(3)分离化石、生物质燃烧和碳质气溶胶对影响地球辐射收支和空气质量的生物来源的贡献；(4)了解当代和未来全球碳循环的长期变化。该仪器的收购将为不同的学生群体提供研究和技术培训机会，并将显著增强美国研究人员研究不断变化的地表和大气的能力。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力优势和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

项目成果

Evidence for multi-decadal fuel buildup in a large California wildfire from smoke radiocarbon measurements

• DOI: 10.1088/1748-9326/aced17
• 发表时间: 2023-08
• 期刊: Environmental Research Letters
• 影响因子: 6.7
• 作者: A. Odwuor;C. Yañez;Y. Chen;F. Hopkins;A. Moreno;X. Xu;C. Czimczik;J. Randerson