Collaborative Research: Hominoid origins in a unique paleocommunity

合作研究：人科动物起源于独特的古群落

• 批准号: 2124791
• 负责人: Francis Sousa
• 金额: $ 5.46万
• 依托单位: Oregon State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-09-01 至 2024-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2124791&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Hominoid; origins; unique

This project advances knowledge about a crucial time in primate evolution when the ancestors of apes and humans are thought to have first diverged from other primate lines. A team of experts in paleoanthropology, paleontology and geology are conducting excavations and analyzing fossils and paleoenvironmental data from a fossil-bearing site in order to better understand the environmental context for primate adaptations and ecological diversity. The project offers invaluable research and training opportunities to scientists and students, including individuals from groups underrepresented in STEM, and provides opportunities for science outreach about human origins and climate change with local communities and the general public. An extraordinary new fossil primate site provides an opportunity to obtain new data related to the origins of the hominoids during the Oligocene. The primary objective of the project is to characterize the species diversity and paleoenvironmental context for the site. The central hypothesis is that the earliest stem hominoids arose within unique ecological communities that were very unlike those of the later Miocene hominoid radiations. The team of paleoanthropologists, geologists, and paleontologists carry out this work through additional fieldwork and analysis of the hundreds of fossils and geological samples already obtained. The goals are three-fold: (1) characterize the paleobiological disparity between hominoids and cercopithecoids in the mid-Oligocene by analyzing functional disparity; (2) build out a robust geologic framework that integrates current and future fossil localities into a well constrained chronology; and (3) characterize the mammalian community diversity by contextualizing its taxonomic, functional, and phylogenetic composition.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

这个项目促进了人们对灵长类进化的一个关键时刻的认识，当时类人猿和人类的祖先被认为是第一次从其他灵长类物种中分化出来的。一个由古人类学、古生物学和地质学专家组成的小组正在进行挖掘和分析化石遗址的化石和古环境数据，以更好地了解灵长类适应和生态多样性的环境背景。该项目为科学家和学生提供了宝贵的研究和培训机会，包括来自STEM中代表性不足的群体的个人，并为与当地社区和公众开展关于人类起源和气候变化的科学宣传提供了机会。一个非同寻常的新灵长类化石遗址为获得与渐新世人类起源有关的新数据提供了机会。该项目的主要目标是描述该遗址的物种多样性和古环境背景。中心假设是，最早的茎类人出现在独特的生态群落中，与中新世晚期的类人辐射非常不同。古人类学家、地质学家和古生物学家组成的团队通过额外的田野工作和对已获得的数百个化石和地质样本的分析来开展这项工作。目标有三个：(1)通过分析功能差异来描述中渐新世人类和脊椎动物之间的古生物学差异；(2)建立一个强大的地质框架，将当前和未来的化石位置整合到一个严格限制的年表中；以及(3)通过结合分类、功能和系统发育组成来描述哺乳动物群落的多样性。这一奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力优势和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

项目成果

New Discovery of Oligocene Strata in the Topernawi Formation, Turkana County, Kenya

肯尼亚图尔卡纳县托佩尔纳维组渐新世地层新发现

• DOI: 10.3389/feart.2022.799097
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Frontiers in Earth Science
• 影响因子: 2.9
• 作者: Sousa, Francis J.;Cox, Stephen E.;Hemming, Sidney R.;Rasbury, E. Troy;Steponaitis, Elena;Hatton, Kevin;Saslaw, Mae;Henkes, Gregory;Princehouse, Patricia;Vitek, Natasha S.
• 通讯作者: Vitek, Natasha S.