Use of Rattus to Track Human Migration

使用 Rattus 追踪人类迁徙

• 批准号: 2130598
• 负责人: Jason Munshi-South
• 金额: $ 3.5万
• 依托单位: Fordham University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-03-01 至 2024-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2130598&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Use; Rattus; Track; Human; Migration

Research team members will collaborate to use island black rats as bioproxies to understand the history of human voyages across oceanic expanses. Through genetic investigation of species introduced to islands by human voyagers it should be possible to determine when they were introduced.The research team is investigating the origin of long distance maritime movement using genomic analysis of invasive black rats. Recent advances in population genomics, specifically high-throughput genotyping of single base pair DNA changes, whole genome sequencing, and statistical estimation of demographic histories, have made it possible to infer the geographic origins and timing of rat introductions from contemporary samples. Such approaches will be used in this project to learn when, and from where, rats first reached an island setting. Establishing the antiquity of such rat populations will help archaeologists determine sites for future research. This project will significantly revise understanding of remote voyaging networks with all their transformative cultural, economic, and ecological impacts.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

研究小组成员将合作使用岛屿黑鼠作为生物代用品，以了解人类在海洋上的航行历史。通过对人类航海家引入岛屿的物种进行基因调查，应该有可能确定它们是何时被引入的。研究小组正在利用入侵黑鼠的基因组分析来调查远距离海上移动的起源。种群基因组学的最新进展，特别是单碱基对DNA变化的高通量基因分型、全基因组测序和人口统计学历史的统计估计，使得从当代样本推断大鼠引入的地理起源和时间成为可能。这种方法将在这个项目中使用，以了解老鼠第一次到达岛屿的时间和地点。确定这些老鼠种群的历史将有助于考古学家确定未来研究的地点。该项目将极大地改变对远程航行网络的理解，以及它们对文化、经济和生态的变革性影响。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。