EAGER: Measuring the Impact and Diffusion of Open Source Software Innovation on Contributor and Project Networks

EAGER：衡量开源软件创新对贡献者和项目网络的影响和扩散

• 批准号: 2135757
• 负责人: Gizem Korkmaz
• 金额: $ 29.84万
• 依托单位: University of Virginia Main Campus
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-11-15 至 2022-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2135757&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: EAGER; Measuring; Impact; Diffusion; Open

Open-Source Software (OSS) is developed, maintained, and extended through the contribution of independent developers as well as individuals and groups from universities, government research institutions, businesses, and nonprofits. Many OSS projects are developed in free repositories, and the information embedded in these repositories - including the code, contributors, and development activity - is publicly available. However, the extent and impacts of OSS on the economy and innovation are currently unknown, and the creation and use of OSS highlight an aspect of technology diffusion and flow not captured in science and technology indicators. The goals of this project are to discover, collect, and use publicly available non-survey data sources on OSS and to test the feasibility of developing methods to measure the impact and diffusion of OSS innovation. The project will evaluate OSS through development of rigorous, repeatable, and scalable methods and metrics. The outputs of this effort — unique data sets, code, and the resulting analyses of the interactions among contributors and projects — advance our nascent knowledge about OSS, including the patterns and dynamics of collaborations, influential actors, prevailing topics, and diffusion. Developed measures will complement existing indicators on peer-reviewed publications and patents. Our framework could apply to other aspects of open science, such as shared data available in public repositories.To address our core questions, we propose (i) to characterize the OSS ecosystem by analyzing available information on OSS projects (creation and use), and developers (institutions, sectors, and countries); (ii) to represent the interactions using networks of contributors (through collaborations between developers) and networks of OSS projects (through reuses across projects and shared contributors) and to analyze their structural features; (iii) to develop methods to measure the impact of projects and developers using network-based and OSS-based measures (e.g., downloads); (iv) to study the diffusion of OSS innovation within and across institutions, sectors and countries; and (v) to bring forward a unique and novel data product combining various data sources on OSS.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

开源软件（OSS）是通过独立开发人员以及来自大学、政府研究机构、企业和非营利组织的个人和团体的贡献来开发、维护和扩展的。许多OSS项目都是在免费的资源库中开发的，这些资源库中的信息-包括代码，贡献者和开发活动-都是公开的。然而，开放源码软件对经济和创新的程度和影响目前尚不清楚，开放源码软件的创建和使用突出了科学和技术指标中没有反映的技术传播和流动的一个方面。该项目的目标是发现、收集和使用公开可得的开放源码软件非调查数据源，并测试制定方法衡量开放源码软件创新的影响和传播的可行性。该项目将通过制定严格、可重复和可扩展的方法和指标来评估开放源码软件。这一努力的成果--独特的数据集、代码以及由此产生的对贡献者和项目之间的互动的分析--推进了我们对开放源码软件的新知识，包括合作的模式和动态、有影响力的参与者、流行的主题和传播。所制定的措施将补充关于经同行审查的出版物和专利的现有指标。为了解决我们的核心问题，我们建议：（i）通过分析OSS项目的可用信息来描述OSS生态系统的特征（创建和使用）和开发人员（机构、部门和国家）;（二）利用撰稿人网络代表互动（通过开发人员之间的合作）和开放源码软件项目网络（通过跨项目和共享贡献者的重用）并分析其结构特征;（iii）制定方法，使用基于网络和基于开放源码软件的措施（例如，downloads）;研究开放源码软件创新在机构、部门和国家内部和之间的传播情况;以及（五）提出一种独特和新颖的数据产品，将开放源码软件的各种数据源结合在一起，这一奖项反映了国家科学基金会的法定使命，并被认为值得通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估予以支持。