RAPID: Addressing the wind and water erosion knowledge gap in Drylands: Fire as a driver of erosion in cheatgrass invaded Sagebrush Steppe

RAPID：解决旱地的风蚀和水蚀知识差距：火灾是入侵山艾草草原的侵蚀的驱动因素

• 批准号: 2141804
• 负责人: Robert Washington-Allen
• 金额: $ 5万
• 依托单位: Board of Regents, NSHE, obo University of Nevada, Reno
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-08-01 至 2023-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2141804&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: RAPID; Addressing; wind; water; erosion

This project responds to a June 9, 2021, wildfire that burned 283 hectares of the 999-ha Jacks Valley Wildlife Management Area (WMA) in south Carson City, Nevada. It explores soil erosion processes occurring subsequent to fires induced by cheat grass invasion. It will quantity the factors influencing wind and water erosion using modern instruments, including terrestrial laser scanner, unmanned autonomous vehicle, ground penetrating radar, and satellite imagery. The project team includes members of groups historically underrepresented in science. Students will be supported on the project through paid internships that leverage existing programs at the University of Nevada, Reno, and connections with federal partners. The data generated could be useful to tribal communities whose lands are at high risk to degradation. Building on an established United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Agricultural Research Service (ARS) study, this project addresses a critical knowledge gap in our fundamental understanding of wind and water erosion rates in dryland landscapes that are undergoing abrupt change. The wildfire event that is the focus of this study presents a time-sensitive opportunity to collect perishable data on the wind- and water- driven soil erosion that occurs subsequent to fires induced by increased cheatgrass fuel loads in sagebrush steppe. The investigators will address research questions related to the relative contribution to the annual sediment budget of various factors influencing erosion. These factors will be quantified using terrestrial laser scanning, unmanned aerial vehicles, ground penetrating radar, and satellite imagery.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

该项目是对2021年6月9日发生的一场野火的回应，这场野火烧毁了内华达州卡森市南部999公顷的杰克谷野生动物管理区（WMA）中的283公顷。它探讨了由欺骗草入侵引起的火灾后发生的土壤侵蚀过程。它将使用现代仪器，包括地面激光扫描仪、无人驾驶汽车、探地雷达和卫星图像，对影响风蚀和水蚀的因素进行量化。该项目团队包括了历史上科学界代表性不足的群体的成员。学生们将利用内华达大学里诺分校现有的项目以及与联邦合作伙伴的联系，通过带薪实习的方式获得项目支持。所产生的数据可能对土地退化风险很高的部落社区有用。该项目以美国农业部农业研究局的一项研究为基础，解决了我们对正在发生突变的旱地景观的风蚀率和水蚀率的基本认识上的一个关键知识缺口。野火事件是本研究的重点，它提供了一个时间敏感的机会，可以收集在山艾草草原因增加的牧草燃料负荷引起火灾后发生的风和水驱动的土壤侵蚀的易腐数据。研究人员将讨论与影响侵蚀的各种因素对年泥沙收支的相对贡献有关的研究问题。这些因素将通过地面激光扫描、无人驾驶飞行器、探地雷达和卫星图像进行量化。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。