American Geophysical Union (AGU) Chapman Conference on Climate and Health in Africa; Washington, District of Columbia; June 7-10, 2022

极端天气事件在许多方面危害人类健康。有些健康风险，如中暑，是人类暴露在极端条件下直接造成的。其他情况，如霍乱暴发，则是间接发生的，因为极端天气使清洁水、卫生设施和其他人类健康必需品的基础设施不堪重负。由于气温升高导致热浪、干旱、火灾和洪水的发生率增加，预计这种健康风险将因气候变化而恶化。它们也是包括非洲大部分地区在内的社会脆弱区域最令人关切的问题。该奖项为一次会议提供支持，该会议汇集了研究人员、从业人员和决策者，审议非洲极端气候对健康的影响并制定应对这些影响的战略。这次会议的部分动机是最近在预测非洲极端天气和气候方面取得的进展，但这些进展尚未纳入卫生早期预警系统和其他公共卫生工作。为了充分认识到更好的气候信息对健康的益处，需要在多个研究学科之间以及研究人员和利益相关者之间进行互动。这次会议是开展这种互动的一个起点。这次会议被组织为美国地球物理联盟（AGU）的查普曼会议，将于6月7日至10日在华盛顿的AGU总部大楼举行。会议的成果除了作为促进互动的场所的作用外，还包括作为非洲发展联盟专著或特刊出版的会议论文集、面向非技术读者的会议报告，以及一份关于利用气候信息改善非洲卫生成果的建议的临时文件。由美国国家科学基金会提供的资金支持学生、早期职业科学家和受邀演讲者参加会议的旅行。会议的支持来自地球科学（GEO）、生物科学（BIO）和社会、行为和经济科学（SBE）局，并补充了其他联邦机构和非政府来源提供的支持。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

Extreme weather events are hazardous to human health in many ways. Some health risks, such as heat stroke, result directly from human exposure to exreme conditions. Others, such as cholera outbreaks, occur indirectly as extreme weather overwhelms infrastructure for clean water, sanitation, and other necessities of human health. Such health risks are expected to worsen due to climate change, as warmer temperatures lead to increased incidence of heat waves, droughts, fires, and floods. They are also of greatest concern in regions of social vulnerability, including much of Africa.This award provides support for a conference which brings together researchers, practitioners, and policy makers to consider the health impacts of climate extremes in Africa and develop strategies to respond to them. The conference is motivated in part by recent advances in the prediction of African weather and climate extremes which have not yet been incorporated into health early warning systems and other public health efforts. Interactions across multiple research disciplines and between researchers and stakeholders will be required to fully realize the heath benefits of better climate information. This conference serves as a starting point for such interactions.The meeting is organized as a Chapman Conference of the American Geophysical Union (AGU), to be held June 7-10 at the AGU headquarters building in Washington DC. Deliverables of the meeting, in addition to its role as a venue to foster interactions, include conference proceedings published as an AGU monograph or special issue, a meeting report intended for a non-technical audience, and a while paper with recommendations for the use of climate information to improve health outcomes in Africa. Funds provided by the National Science Foundation support the travel of students, early-career scientists, and invited speakers to attend the meeting. Support for the meeting comes from the Geosciences (GEO), Biological Sciences (BIO), and Social, Behavioral, and Economic Sciences (SBE) Directorates, and complements support provided by other federal agencies and non-governmental sources.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.