'I would prefer not to'. Organ donation between unease and criticism. A sociological and ethical analysis.

“我宁愿不这样做”。

• 批准号: 252341816
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Frank Adloff
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Institut für Ethik und Geschichte der Medizin
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2013-12-31 至 2019-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/252341816?language=en
• 关键词: would; prefer; Organ; donation; between

The project is a sequel to the project I would prefer not to. Organ donation between unease and criticism. In the first stage, the motives of skeptics of organ donation as well as of the undecided were examined along with the posters of German organ donation campaigns of the past 20 years. The main results highlight four types of criticism which are not directly linked to the recent events in the transplantation system. However, they also highlight six different moral messages in the posters that are historically associated with important events and disruptions in the transplantation system. These results indicate that specific positions and aspects are excluded both in the public discourse and in health policy.In the second stage, strategies of the public discourse and of health communication which systematically exclude positions are to be reconstructed as well as their consequences for the critics. Moreover, these strategies of exclusion should be reflected normatively for the development of ideas concerning concrete discursive inclusion of positions that are currently being declassified as irrational.The sociological project will, from a theoretical perspective, question how the arguments of these seemingly irrational positions can be understood as well-founded arguments. In addition, the project will analyse the strategies that exclude these positions in daily life as well as in health policy and the academic discourse.Particularly, the one-sidedness of the analysed campaigns illustrates the conflict of interest of the Transplantation Act. On the one hand, institutions of health policy have to inform neutrally about the topic in order to allow a self-determined decision. On the other hand, organ donation should be promoted to increase the number of transplants. Accordingly, the bioethical subproject questions how a normative concept of public health communication can be designed to achieve a reflective balance between individual self-determination and the collective interest in organ transplants. Therefore, the analysis aims at critically addressing the question of what comprises good information in such a sensitive field. Moreover, the personal attitudes and moral convictions for and against organ transplantation are to be better understood.By developing socio-theoretical and normative approaches, both subprojects aim at a critical analysis of the high symbolic value of organ transplantation for the self-conception of modern high-tech medicine.

这个项目是我不愿做的项目的续集。在不安和批评之间的器官捐赠。在第一阶段，调查了怀疑器官捐赠的人以及犹豫不决的人的动机，以及过去20年德国器官捐赠运动的海报。主要结果突出了四种类型的批评，它们与移植系统最近发生的事件没有直接联系。然而，他们也强调了海报中六个不同的道德信息，这些信息在历史上与移植系统中的重要事件和中断有关。这些结果表明，在公共话语和卫生政策中，特定的立场和方面都被排除在外。在第二阶段，系统排除立场的公共话语和健康传播策略需要重建，以及它们对批评者的后果。此外，这些排斥战略应该得到规范的反映，以形成关于具体论述纳入目前被解密为不合理的立场的想法。社会学项目将从理论角度质疑如何将这些看似不合理的立场的论点理解为有充分根据的论点。此外，该项目将分析在日常生活中以及在卫生政策和学术论述中排除这些职位的战略，特别是所分析的运动的片面性说明了《移植法》的利益冲突。一方面，卫生政策机构必须中立地告知这一主题，以便做出自主决定。另一方面，应促进器官捐赠，以增加移植数量。因此，生物伦理分项目质疑如何设计一个公共卫生传播的规范性概念，以在个人自决和器官移植的集体利益之间实现反思的平衡。因此，分析旨在批判性地解决在这样一个敏感领域中什么是好信息的问题。此外，支持和反对器官移植的个人态度和道德信念应该得到更好的理解。通过发展社会理论和规范方法，这两个子项目都旨在批判性地分析器官移植对现代高科技医学自我概念的高度象征价值。