Collaborative Research: SWIFT: Closing the Loop for Accountable Interference-free Spectrum Sharing with Passive Radio Receivers

在美国，频谱对科学、教育、商业、交通和当代生活具有不可思议的价值。无线带宽需求正在迅速增长，但分配给无线用户的频谱不应以牺牲天文和地球科学的科学观测为代价，因为天文和地球科学的频谱已经分配不足，而且在狭窄的受保护频带之外投机地操作时，会受到干扰。该项目正在开发新的安全和负责任的共享协议，不仅能够在地面商用无线系统和无源接收器之间更有效地共享频谱，而且还使无源系统能够迫使特定的干扰发射器切换频段。改进的共存使得射电天文接收机的运行更加可靠。该项目正在创建开源软件和数据，并与ITU-R合作，确保成果影响研究界和未来的频谱共享政策。通过课程材料和研究经验，发展正在影响本科和研究生教育，该项目还参与了K12的推广工作。该项目正在开发射频水印，将随机假名嵌入传输的无线通信信号中，以便无源接收器可以解调任何干扰的假名。该系统允许无源接收机间接通知干扰设备改变频带。为了防止任何其他设备推断隐私信息，该系统利用差分隐私来定量限制隐私泄露。此外，该项目正在调整软件认证，以开发在用户设备上正确执行频谱决策的证明，并通过频谱策略执行来补充基于水印的检测系统。正在研究的协议正在作为一个开源项目在PAWR测试平台上实施和测试。包括欧文斯谷射电天文台在内的大量实验正在验证其技术贡献，并量化其性能和对攻击的稳健性。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

Spectrum in the US is incredibly valuable to science, education, commerce, transportation, and contemporary life. Wireless bandwidth needs are rapidly growing, but allocation of spectrum to wireless users should not come at the expense of scientific observation in astronomy and earth science which are already under-allocated and subject to interference when operating opportunistically outside the narrow protected bands. This project is developing new secure and accountable sharing protocols that not only enable more efficient sharing of the spectrum between terrestrial commercial wireless systems and passive receivers, but also empowers passive systems to force a particular interfering transmitter to switch band. Improved coexistence allows more reliable operation of radio astronomy receivers. This project is creating open source software and data, and working with the ITU-R to ensure that results impact the research community and future spectrum sharing policy. Developments are impacting undergraduate and graduate education through course material and research experiences, and the project is engaged in K12 outreach.This project is developing RF watermarks that embed random pseudonyms into transmitted wireless communication signals so that passive receivers can demodulate the pseudonym of any interferer. The proposed system then allows passive receivers to indirectly inform the interfering device to change band. To prevent any other device from inferring private information, the proposed system leverages differential privacy to quantitatively limit privacy leakage. Further, the project is adapting software attestation to develop proof of correct execution of spectrum decision on user equipment, and complementing the watermark-based detection system with spectrum policy enforcement. Protocols under study are being implemented and tested on PAWR testbeds as an open source project. Extensive experimentation, including at the Owens Valley Radio Observatory, is validating the technical contributions, and quantifying its performance and robustness to attacks.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.