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Collaborative Research: RAPID: Flooding and Geomorphic Change in Yellowstone National Park

合作研究：RAPID：黄石国家公园的洪水和地貌变化

基本信息

批准号：
2234855
负责人：
Lyman Persico
金额：
$ 4.09万
依托单位：
Whitman College
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2022
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2022-08-01 至 2024-07-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2234855&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Collaborative Research RAPID Flooding Geomorphic

项目摘要

Extreme events such as floods threaten infrastructure, lives, and livelihoods, as well as altering landscapes and ecosystems. Climate change is increasing the frequency of such events and heightening the imperative to understand their drivers and landscape responses and to translate such understanding into hazards reduction. In mid-June 2022, extreme floods on the Yellowstone River and many of its tributaries in and around northern Yellowstone National Park were generated by an atmospheric river that delivered 2.5–10 cm of rain to high-elevation snowpack. Large rain-on-snow floods have created large and persistent channel changes in Yellowstone in the past, and they may become more common in a warming climate. The extreme June 2022 event provides a rare opportunity to examine its magnitude and effects on Yellowstone River tributaries. This project will support research experiences for five undergraduate students and one M.S. student and represents a new collaboration between primarily undergraduate-serving and very high research activity institutions. The project will contribute to National Park Service after-event analysis and planning. The investigators will engage broad audiences through social media. Project findings will be incorporated into university classes.This research aims to reconstruct flood hydraulics and assess the hydrogeomorphic effects of the June 2022 event, to contextualize the impacts relative to previous extreme flooding events, and to inform geohazards planning at Yellowstone National Park. These goals will be accomplished by targeted field surveys, geomorphic change analysis over larger areas using repeat lidar, and hydraulic modeling. The investigators' efforts will focus on areas that are both well-suited to the research questions and have pre-flood data. Research objectives include estimating the hydraulics of the June 2022 flood and how the flood affected channel geometry and floodplain character, including incision and/or aggradation of Yellowstone River tributaries. The research is time sensitive and urgent because landscape changes induced by the floods are most evident in the immediate aftermath, before subsequent rainfall events in 2022 and the spring 2023 snowmelt runoff season further rework fluvial systems and floodplains. Further, rapid deployment will allow the team to contribute to National Park Service after-event analysis and planning.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

洪水等极端事件威胁着基础设施、生命和生计，并改变着景观和生态系统。气候变化正在增加此类事件发生的频率，因此更有必要了解其驱动因素和景观反应，并将这种了解转化为减少灾害。2022年6月中旬，黄石河及其在黄石国家公园北部及其周边地区的许多支流发生了极端洪水，这是由一条大气河造成的，它给高海拔的积雪带来了2.5-10厘米的降雨。过去，大规模的雨雪洪水在黄石公园造成了巨大而持久的河道变化，在气候变暖的情况下，这种变化可能会变得更加普遍。2022年6月的极端事件为研究其规模和对黄石河支流的影响提供了难得的机会。该项目将支持五名本科生和一名硕士学生的研究经验，并代表了主要为本科生服务和非常高的研究活动机构之间的新合作。该项目将有助于国家公园管理局事后分析和规划。调查人员将通过社交媒体吸引广大受众。项目成果将被纳入大学课程。本研究旨在重建洪水水力学，评估2022年6月事件的水文地貌影响，将其与以往极端洪水事件的影响联系起来，并为黄石国家公园的地质灾害规划提供信息。这些目标将通过有针对性的实地调查、使用重复激光雷达对更大区域的地貌变化进行分析以及水力建模来实现。研究人员的工作将集中在既适合研究问题又有洪水前数据的地区。研究目标包括估计2022年6月洪水的水力学，以及洪水如何影响河道几何形状和洪泛区特征，包括黄石河支流的切割和/或淤积。这项研究具有时间敏感性和紧迫性，因为洪水引起的景观变化在随后的2022年降雨事件和2023年春季融雪径流季节进一步改造河流系统和洪泛平原之前最为明显。此外，快速部署将使该团队能够为国家公园管理局的事后分析和规划做出贡献。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。