CRII: HCC: Cross-Team Collaboration to Create Accessible Software for People with Disabilities

CRII：HCC：跨团队协作为残疾人士创建无障碍软件

• 批准号: 2246036
• 负责人: Anne Ross
• 金额: $ 17.46万
• 依托单位: Bucknell University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-07-15 至 2025-06-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2246036&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CRII; HCC; Cross; Team; Collaboration

Software now impacts nearly every aspect of daily life. Accessibility failures in software can therefore create barriers to essential services such as banking, education, communication, and travel for people with disabilities. This project contributes to improving software accessibility; work that benefits society by progressing science, advancing national welfare, and supporting education and diversity. Social justice and legal imperatives mandate that software be accessible for people with disabilities. However, large-scale analyses, lawsuits, and advocacy organizations show that accessibility failures occur frequently. Such failures include low contrast colors, buttons on websites that are too small, and software being unusable with assistive technology. Software creation is a collaborative process between multiple roles such as accessibility specialists, designers, developers, and testers. The process involves social and technical factors with a range of opportunities for accessibility to be integrated or lost. By studying software creation teams, this research will identify current accessibility practices throughout the software creation process. The resulting insights will highlight best practices and offer guidance for improving collaborative tools and organizational structures. These insights will be shared with the research and industry community through papers, presentations, and other educational media. This project will help improve collaborative software creation tools, education, and company practices to improve software accessibility, thereby helping ensure everyone has equitable access to services that are increasingly mediated through software. This project will reach those goals through three main steps. First, the research team will interview people across software creation roles to understand current collaboration and accessibility techniques from multiple perspectives. Next, researchers will observe multi-role teams collaborating in the workplace during various points in a software project's lifecycle. Researchers will perform inductive thematic analysis on the collected data; iteratively working through transcripts, field notes, and artifacts (e.g., emails, white boarding, designs) to identify themes. In the final phase, researchers will run focus groups with people across software creation roles to gather feedback on identified themes and extend those themes into actionable implications for improving collaborative tools and organizational structures. Results will be disseminated to multiple audiences through academic publications, industry-focused documentations and presentations, and publicly available educational material.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

软件现在几乎影响到日常生活的方方面面。因此，软件中的无障碍可能会对残疾人的银行、教育、通信和旅行等基本服务造成障碍。该项目有助于提高软件的可获得性；通过进步科学、增进国民福利、支持教育和多样性而造福社会的工作。社会正义和法律义务要求残疾人可以使用软件。然而，大规模的分析、诉讼和倡导组织表明，无障碍故障经常发生。这些故障包括颜色对比度低，网站上的按钮太小，以及软件无法与辅助技术一起使用。软件创建是多个角色之间的协作过程，例如辅助功能专家、设计人员、开发人员和测试人员。这一过程涉及社会和技术因素，并有一系列机会使无障碍设施被纳入或丧失。通过研究软件创建团队，本研究将确定软件创建过程中当前的可访问性实践。由此得出的见解将突出最佳做法，并为改进协作工具和组织结构提供指导。这些见解将通过论文、演示文稿和其他教育媒体与研究和行业社区分享。该项目将帮助改进协作软件创建工具、教育和公司实践，以提高软件的可访问性，从而帮助确保每个人都能公平地获得越来越多地通过软件进行中介的服务。该项目将通过三个主要步骤实现这些目标。首先，研究团队将采访不同软件开发角色的人员，从多个角度了解当前的协作和可访问性技术。接下来，研究人员将观察多角色团队在软件项目生命周期的不同阶段在工作场所进行协作。研究人员将对收集的数据进行归纳主题分析；反复通过文字记录、实地笔记和人工制品(例如电子邮件、白板、设计)来确定主题。在最后阶段，研究人员将与不同软件开发角色的人员组成焦点小组，收集对确定的主题的反馈，并将这些主题扩展为可操作的含义，以改进协作工具和组织结构。结果将通过学术出版物、以行业为重点的文件和演示文稿以及公开可用的教育材料传播给多个受众。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力优势和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。