Collaborative Research: RAPID: Assessing the Resilience of Centralized and Decentralized Water Supply Infrastructure to Hurricane Fiona in Puerto Rico

该RAPID项目侧重于波多黎各供水基础设施应对菲奥娜飓风的复原力。将通过对不同受飓风影响的供水供应商的调查、与广泛利益相关者的讲习班以及实地考察来监测选定供水系统的原水和成品水的质量，收集高度瞬变和易变质的数据。这些数据将被组织、综合和分析，以1)评估和比较波多黎各集中供水系统和分散供水系统在菲奥娜飓风期间和之后的行为；2)评价飓风玛丽亚以来为加强供水弹性所采取的技术和管理策略的有效性；3)评估飓风Fiona对水质的短期和长期影响；4)探索潜在的替代应急供水方法及其在波多黎各应用的障碍。这些努力将促进对不同供水基础设施在风暴等冲击下的反应的基本理解。由此产生的知识将支持飓风适应性供水基础设施原则的发展。该项目将提高供水基础设施的适应能力，为强风暴做好准备、应对和恢复。虽然该项目的目标是波多黎各，但所获得的知识可以很容易地扩展到美国其他沿海地区（如佛罗里达州和北卡罗来纳州）和领土（如美属维尔京群岛）的水利基础设施。这对受灾人口来说是直接和直接的好处，因为水是一种基本需求。特别是，该项目将使严重依赖小型供水系统的农村和偏远社区受益，这些社区通常更容易受到自然灾害和环境变化的影响。水卫生将减少面部-口腔疾病的传播和接触携带疾病的媒介，以帮助救灾。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

This RAPID project focuses on the resilience of water supply infrastructure in Puerto Rico in response to Hurricane Fiona. Highly transient, perishable data will be collected through surveys on different hurricane-impacted water suppliers, workshops with a broad range of stakeholders, and field trips to monitor the quality of raw and finished water at selected water supply systems. The data will be organized, synthesized, and analyzed to 1)assess and compare behaviors of centralized vs. decentralized water supply systems in Puerto Rico in and after Hurricane Fiona; 2) evaluate the effectiveness of technological and management strategies taken since Hurricane Maria to strengthen the resilience of water supply; 3) assess short and long-term impacts of Hurricane Fiona on water quality; and 4) explore potential alternative emergency water supply methods and their barriers to application in Puerto Rico. The efforts will advance fundamental understanding on the responses of different water supply infrastructure under a shock such as storms. The resulting knowledge will support the development of the principles for hurricane-adaptive water supply infrastructure.This project will enhance the adaptive capacity of water supply infrastructure to prepare for, respond to, and recover from a strong storm. Although this project targets Puerto Rico, the knowledge gained may readily be extended to water infrastructure in other U.S. coastal areas (e.g., Florida and North Carolina) and territories (e.g., U.S. Virgin Islands). The benefit is straightforward and immediate to disaster-affected populations because water is an essential demand. Particularly, this project will benefit the rural and isolated communities relying heavily on small water supply systems, which are typically more vulnerable to a natural disaster and a changing environment. Water sanitation will reduce the transmission of faceco-oral diseases and exposure to disease-bearing vectors to help disaster relief.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.