RAPID: US-Korean collaboration to build a Ross-Amundsen Ice Core Array (RAICA) along the West Antarctic coastline

南极洲西部的海岸线正在迅速变化：它正在变薄，质量下降，对未来冰盖稳定性至关重要的支撑冰架正在退缩。尽管观测到的变化是由冰-海洋-大气相互作用引起的，受到内部和强迫气候过程的干扰（例如，热带太平洋的变化，臭氧消耗，温室气体变暖），沿着这条海岸线几乎没有直接的测量。冰丘是冰架内的接地冰区域，是理想的冰芯位置。冰上升线这一地区，允许重建沿海气候和环境参数可追溯到几十年到几千年的年度分辨率。检索150米长的冰芯从冰上升，在这个地区将扩大我们的理解有关的关键过程中观察到的海岸变化在几个世纪的时间跨度。在中央150米岩芯两侧的冰脊上也收集了较浅的岩芯，将验证整个冰脊表面变化的数量和空间变异性，为机载观测、卫星观测、气候模型和再分析数据集提供约束。该项目形成了美国研究人员和韩国极地研究所（KOPRI）之间的新合作，该研究所将提供大部分物流，包括使用他们的研究船RV ARAON。该项目还将培养一名研究生。本RAPID建议书依赖于KOPRI物流来完成该项目的实地工作。参与者将于2023年12月至2024年2月部署在RV ARAON上。美国--韩国考察队将从半岛中心、沿着当地冰分水岭钻探一到两个150米冰芯。此外，为了评估表面质量平衡（SMB）的变化，该团队将在冰分水岭的侧翼钻取一系列10至15米的冰芯。马丁半岛，之间的Getz冰架和Dotson冰架，已被选为主要网站的基础上，现有的机载积雪雷达数据，和高积雪率，它保留了高分辨率的古气候信息。具体地点将根据与RV ARAON巡航相关的科学价值和后勤限制进行选择。冰芯数据将被用于表征气候变化，极端和沿着沿海西南极冰盖的趋势-在最近几十年和几个世纪。这个奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并已被认为是值得通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估的支持。

The West Antarctic coastline is changing rapidly: it is thinning, losing mass, and buttressing ice shelves that are critical for future stability of the ice sheet are retreating. Despite observed change caused by ice-ocean-atmosphere interactions perturbed by both internal and forced climate processes (e.g., tropical Pacific Ocean variability, ozone depletion, greenhouse gas warming), there are few direct measurements along this coastline. Ice rises, which are regions of grounded ice within ice shelves, are ideal ice-core sites. Ice rises line this region, allowing for reconstruction of coastal climate and environmental parameters dating back decades to millennia at annual resolution. Retrieval of a 150-m-long ice core from an ice rise in this region will expand our understanding of critical processes relevant to observed coastal change over a timespan of several centuries. Shallower cores also collected on the ice rise, flanking the central 150-m core, will validate the amount and spatial variability of surface change across this ice rise, providing constraint for airborne observations, satellite observations, climate models, and reanalysis datasets. The project forms a new collaboration between a U.S. researcher and the South Korean Polar Research Institute (KOPRI), who will provide the bulk of the logistics, including the use of their research vessel, RV ARAON. The project will also train a graduate student.This RAPID proposal relies on KOPRI logistics to accomplish the field aspects of this project. The participants will deploy on the RV ARAON from December 2023 – February 2024. The U.S.-South Korean team will drill one to two 150-m ice core from the center of the peninsula, along the local ice divide. Further, to assess surface-mass-balance (SMB) variability, the team will drill a series of 10- to 15-m ice cores on the flanks of the ice divide. Martin Peninsula, between the Getz Ice Shelf and the Dotson Ice Shelf, has been chosen as the primary site based on existing airborne snow radar data, and the high snow accumulation rate, which preserves high-resolution paleoclimate information. The specific site will be chosen based on both scientific value and logistical constraints associated with the RV ARAON cruise. The ice-core data will be used to characterize climate variability, extremes, and trends along the coastal West Antarctic Ice Sheet — over recent decades and centuries.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.