RAPID: US-Korean collaboration to build a Ross-Amundsen Ice Core Array (RAICA) along the West Antarctic coastline

西南极海岸线正在迅速变化：它正在变薄，质量下降，支撑冰架的冰架正在后退，这些冰架对未来冰盖的稳定至关重要。尽管观测到的冰-海-气相互作用引起的变化受到内部和强迫气候过程(例如，热带太平洋变异性、臭氧消耗、温室气体变暖)的扰动，但沿这条海岸线的直接测量很少。冰山是冰架内的地面冰区域，是理想的冰核地点。冰升排列在这一地区，使得可以按年度分辨率重建几十年至几千年前的沿海气候和环境参数。从该区域的冰隆中提取150米长的冰芯将扩大我们对与在几个世纪的时间跨度内观察到的海岸变化有关的关键过程的理解。在中央150米岩芯两侧的冰升上也收集了较浅的岩芯，将验证整个冰升表面变化的数量和空间变异性，为空中观测、卫星观测、气候模型和再分析数据集提供约束。该项目形成了一名美国研究人员和韩国极地研究所(KOPRI)之间的新合作，后者将提供大部分后勤服务，包括使用他们的科考船RV Araon。该项目还将培养一名研究生。这一快速提案依赖于KOPRI物流来完成该项目的现场方面。参与者将于2023年12月至2024年2月部署在阿拉昂房车上。美韩团队将从朝鲜半岛中心沿当地冰川分水岭钻取一到两个150米长的冰芯。此外，为了评估表面质量平衡(SMB)的可变性，该团队将在冰裂的侧翼钻取一系列10至15米的冰芯。马丁半岛位于盖兹冰架和多特森冰架之间，根据现有的机载积雪雷达数据和保存高分辨率古气候信息的高积雪速率，被选为主要地点。具体地点的选择将基于科学价值和与RV Araon邮轮相关的后勤限制。冰芯数据将被用来描述近几十年和几个世纪以来西南极沿海冰盖的气候变异性、极端和趋势。这一奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力优势和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

The West Antarctic coastline is changing rapidly: it is thinning, losing mass, and buttressing ice shelves that are critical for future stability of the ice sheet are retreating. Despite observed change caused by ice-ocean-atmosphere interactions perturbed by both internal and forced climate processes (e.g., tropical Pacific Ocean variability, ozone depletion, greenhouse gas warming), there are few direct measurements along this coastline. Ice rises, which are regions of grounded ice within ice shelves, are ideal ice-core sites. Ice rises line this region, allowing for reconstruction of coastal climate and environmental parameters dating back decades to millennia at annual resolution. Retrieval of a 150-m-long ice core from an ice rise in this region will expand our understanding of critical processes relevant to observed coastal change over a timespan of several centuries. Shallower cores also collected on the ice rise, flanking the central 150-m core, will validate the amount and spatial variability of surface change across this ice rise, providing constraint for airborne observations, satellite observations, climate models, and reanalysis datasets. The project forms a new collaboration between a U.S. researcher and the South Korean Polar Research Institute (KOPRI), who will provide the bulk of the logistics, including the use of their research vessel, RV ARAON. The project will also train a graduate student.This RAPID proposal relies on KOPRI logistics to accomplish the field aspects of this project. The participants will deploy on the RV ARAON from December 2023 – February 2024. The U.S.-South Korean team will drill one to two 150-m ice core from the center of the peninsula, along the local ice divide. Further, to assess surface-mass-balance (SMB) variability, the team will drill a series of 10- to 15-m ice cores on the flanks of the ice divide. Martin Peninsula, between the Getz Ice Shelf and the Dotson Ice Shelf, has been chosen as the primary site based on existing airborne snow radar data, and the high snow accumulation rate, which preserves high-resolution paleoclimate information. The specific site will be chosen based on both scientific value and logistical constraints associated with the RV ARAON cruise. The ice-core data will be used to characterize climate variability, extremes, and trends along the coastal West Antarctic Ice Sheet — over recent decades and centuries.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.