Collaborative Research: Revealing Exoplanet Atmospheres Using High-Resolution Spectroscopy

合作研究：利用高分辨率光谱揭示系外行星大气

• 批准号: 2307178
• 负责人: Michael Line
• 金额: $ 42.18万
• 依托单位: Arizona State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-09-01 至 2026-08-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2307178&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Revealing; Exoplanet; Atmospheres

A team led by the University of Chicago and Arizona State University will carry out an observational program to help answer four science questions regarding the atmospheres of close-in giant planets orbiting distant stars: How do chemical abundances trace planet origins? How does atmosphere temperature depend on external radiation, gravity, and composition? How do the dynamic and magnetic fields of planets govern wind speeds? And what are atmosphere properties across chemical transitions? The team will train the science community in the use of new techniques for probing planet atmospheres with workshops. Workshops will focus upon early career researchers and will broaden participation by providing monetary support for junior scientists from underrepresented groups. Ground-based, high-resolution spectroscopy using the cross-correlation technique is a powerful, but complex method for probing exoplanet atmospheres. The project team have developed an atmospheric retrieval approach for cross-correlation spectroscopy which enables the extraction of detailed constraints on chemical compositions. The team will apply this technique to state-of-the-art high-resolution datasets to measure carbon-to-oxygen abundance ratios, atmospheric metallicity, carbon isotopic abundances, refractory species abundances, and how atmospheric temperature varies with pressure. The team will be carrying out a survey using three of the most sensitive high-resolution spectrographs: IGRINS on Gemini South, MAROON-X on Gemini North, and ESPRESSO on the VLT. These instruments span the optical to the near-infrared, yielding access to spectroscopic lines from major refractory (Fe, Ti, V) and volatile (C, N, O) elements and their isotopologues (C, Ti) in a variety of atomic and molecular species. The surveys will utilize both transmission and phase-resolved thermal emission measurements, targeting more than 30 planets with a broad range of physical parameters. Workshop attendees will be walked through how to prepare observations and the full end-to-end reduction and analysis of high-resolution data. The workshop lectures will be recorded and posted online and a suite of data analysis and atmospheric retrieval software will be made publicly available.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

由芝加哥大学和亚利桑那州立大学领导的团队将执行一项观察计划，以帮助回答有关距离遥远恒星的近距离巨型行星氛围的四个科学问题：化学丰度痕迹痕迹星球的起源？ 大气温度如何取决于外部辐射，重力和成分？行星的动态和磁场如何控制风速？在化学转变之间具有哪些大气特性？该团队将培训科学界的使用新技术来探测行星氛围，并使用研讨会。研讨会将集中在早期的职业研究人员上，并通过为来自代表性不足的团体的初级科学家提供货币支持来扩大参与。使用互相关技术的地面高分辨率光谱是一种强大但复杂的探测系外行星大气的方法。该项目团队开发了一种大气检索方法，用于互相关光谱，该方法可以提取化学成分的详细约束。该团队将将这一技术应用于最新的高分辨率数据集，以测量碳与氧的丰度比率，大气金属性，碳同位素丰度，难治物种丰度以及大气温度如何随压力变化。 该团队将使用三个最敏感的高分辨率光谱仪进行调查：双子座南部的Igrins，Gemini North的Maroon-X和VLT上的浓缩咖啡。这些仪器跨越了光学的近红外，从多种原子和分子物种中获得了主要难治度（Fe，Ti，v）和挥发性（C，N，O）元素（C，N，O）元素（C，N，O）元素（C，N，O）元素（C，Ti）的光谱线。这些调查将同时利用传输和相分辨的热发射测量值，针对30多个具有广泛物理参数的行星。研讨会的参与者将浏览如何准备观察结果以及对高分辨率数据的全部端到端分析。研讨会的讲座将在线记录和发布，并将公开提供一系列数据分析和大气检索软件。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并认为使用基金会的知识分子优点和更广泛的影响审查标准，认为值得通过评估来获得支持。