Role of a viral long non-coding RNA in virus superinfection exclusion

病毒长非编码RNA在病毒重复感染排除中的作用

• 批准号: 2316587
• 负责人: Svetlana Folimonova
• 金额: $ 75万
• 依托单位: University of Florida
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-09-01 至 2026-08-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2316587&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Role; viral; long; non; coding

Superinfection exclusion (SIE) has been observed for viruses that infect humans, animals, and plants. The phenomenon occurs when cells carrying a virus become protected from a secondary infection by the same or closely related virus. SIE influences the pathogenesis and evolution of viral populations and could have a profound impact on treating viral infections. Despite its significance, our understanding of SIE is far from being complete. The elucidation of the mechanisms underlying this phenomenon will provide a foundation for the development of novel approaches to mitigate viral diseases of humans, animals, and agricultural crops. This project aims to unravel the mechanism of SIE of citrus tristeza virus (CTV), the largest non-segmented RNA virus of plants. CTV represents a valuable model system due to numerous well-characterized virus strains as well as a possibility to study the SIE phenomenon at the whole organism level. The project builds on the observations indicating that SIE by CTV functions through a unique mechanism, which involves multiple virus-encoded factors. The investigators' preliminary data suggest that a viral long non-coding RNA could play a role in this phenomenon. The project will utilize advanced molecular biology, microscopy, biochemistry, and genetic tools to further our understanding of viral SIE, interactions between virus variants in a host, and, importantly, the roles of viral lncRNAs, which represent a largely understudied research area, in the SIE phenomenon and in virus-host interactions. From the educational standpoint, this project will provide an excellent opportunity for new students to get up-close research experience and for training rising scientists, including members of underrepresented groups. The research results will be broadly disseminated through publishing in the leading peer-reviewed journals and presentations at scientific meetings.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

已经观察到感染人类、动物和植物的病毒的重复感染排除（SIE）。这种现象发生在携带病毒的细胞受到相同或密切相关病毒的二次感染时。SIE影响病毒种群的发病机制和进化，并可能对治疗病毒感染产生深远影响。尽管它的重要性，我们对SIE的理解是远远不够的。阐明这种现象背后的机制将为开发新的方法来减轻人类，动物和农作物的病毒性疾病提供基础。本项目旨在阐明柑橘衰退病毒（CTV）的SIE机制，CTV是植物中最大的非分段RNA病毒。CTV代表了一个有价值的模型系统，由于许多良好的特征病毒株，以及在整个生物体水平上研究SIE现象的可能性。该项目建立在观察结果的基础上，这些观察结果表明CTV的SIE通过一种独特的机制发挥作用，该机制涉及多种病毒编码因子。研究人员的初步数据表明，病毒长非编码RNA可能在这种现象中发挥作用。该项目将利用先进的分子生物学，显微镜，生物化学和遗传工具，以进一步了解病毒SIE，病毒变体之间的相互作用在主机上，重要的是，病毒lncRNA的作用，这在很大程度上是一个研究不足的研究领域，在SIE现象和病毒-宿主相互作用。从教育的角度来看，这个项目将为新生提供一个极好的机会，让他们获得近距离的研究经验，并培训正在崛起的科学家，包括代表性不足的群体的成员。研究成果将通过在领先的同行评审期刊上发表和在科学会议上发表演讲而广泛传播。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估而被认为值得支持。