Collaborative Research: HNDS-R: SBP: RUI: Differences in Co-authorship across a Global Landscape: The Role of Network Structure in Scientific Productivity

本研究着眼于协作环境对不同类别科学家的科学成果的影响是否不同，重点关注网络理论的普遍性。理解在高层职位和不同职业发展模式中比例失调的原因很重要，因为科学正日益成为一个以团队为基础的企业。关于科学家如何合作的理论通常假设每个人都能从他们与他人的联系中获得平等的利益，但是在互动环境中，知识生产受到地位和身份的影响。这项研究增加了我们对知识是如何在全球合作科学社区中创造和共享的理解。它还解决了与正在进行的努力有关的重要问题，以增加STEM领域的参与。本研究利用大型书目数据库，采用网络分析方法。该数据库是引文信息的综合来源，可用于构建无界合作网络，包括跨时间和全球范围内的跨学科和跨学科合作关系。在一组三项调查中，研究人员通过累积优势，以及随着时间的推移和在COVID-19大流行高峰期，合作活动中的同质性（地位）趋势，研究了资源丰富的合作关系在收益方面的差异。该项目还解决了一个尚未解决的难题，即研究专业化与协作经纪的创新价值，以及专业化和经纪对创新和“好想法”产生的相互作用。这项工作不仅对科学学者有意义，而且对科学和创新政策的发展也有意义，该政策旨在加强所有科学家参与科学知识的生产和新创新的发展。维持人才和多样化劳动力的职业发展和合作关系不仅对科学成果的公平产生影响，而且对国家和国际经济和社会繁荣也有影响。该项目由“科学之科学：发现、传播和影响”项目、“人际网络和数据科学”研究项目以及“扩大参与科学”项目共同资助。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

This research looks at whether the collaborative context affects scientific outcomes differently for scientists in different categories, focusing on the generalizability of network theories. Understanding the reasons for disproportionate representation in top positions and different career development patterns is important because science is increasingly a team-based enterprise. Theories about how scientists collaborate often assume that everyone benefits equally from their connections with others, but knowledge production is influenced by status and identity in interactive contexts. This research adds to our understanding of how knowledge is created and shared in global collaborative science communities. It also tackles important issues related to the ongoing efforts to increase participation in STEM fields. This research adopts a network analytic approach using a large-scale bibliographic database. This database is a comprehensive source for citation information that allows for the construction of unbounded co-authorship networks that include intra- and inter-disciplinary co-authorship ties across time and on a global scale. In a set of three inquiries, the researchers examine differences in benefit from resource-rich collaborative ties, through cumulative advantage, and from tendencies toward homophily (status) in collaborative activity over time and during the peak COVID-19 pandemic period. The project also tackles an unresolved puzzle regarding the innovative value of research specialization alongside collaborative brokerage and the interaction effects of specialization and brokerage on innovation and the generation of “good ideas”. This work has implications not only for scholars of science, but also for the development of science and innovation policy that seeks to bolster the engagement of all scientists in the production of science knowledge and the development of new innovations. Sustaining the career development and collaborative relations of a talented and diverse workforce has implications not only for equitable outcomes in science, but also for national and international economic and social prosperity.The project is co-funded by the Science of Science: Discovery, Communications, and Impact program, the Human Networks and Data Science research program, and the Science of Broadening Participation program.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.