Collaborative Research: HNDS-R: SBP: RUI: Differences in Co-authorship across a Global Landscape: The Role of Network Structure in Scientific Productivity

这项研究着眼于协作环境是否会对不同类别的科学家的科学结果产生不同的影响，重点是网络理论的普适性。理解高层职位和不同职业发展模式比例不成比例的原因很重要，因为科学越来越成为一项以团队为基础的事业。关于科学家如何合作的理论通常假设每个人都从他们与他人的联系中平等受益，但知识生产在互动环境中受到地位和身份的影响。这项研究增加了我们对知识如何在全球协作科学界中创造和共享的理解。它还处理与不断努力增加对科学、技术和经济管理领域的参与有关的重要问题。本研究采用大型书目数据库的网络分析方法。该数据库是一个全面的引文信息来源，允许建立无限的合著网络，其中包括跨越时间和全球范围的学科内和学科间的合著联系。在一组三项调查中，研究人员通过累积优势检验了资源丰富的合作关系带来的好处的差异，以及随着时间的推移和新冠肺炎疫情高峰期合作活动中同质性(状态)倾向的差异。该项目还解决了一个悬而未决的谜题，即研究专业化与协作经纪的创新价值，以及专业化和经纪对创新和“好想法”产生的交互影响。这项工作不仅对科学学者有影响，而且对科学和创新政策的制定也有影响，这项政策旨在促进所有科学家参与科学知识的生产和新创新的开发。保持有才华的多样化劳动力的职业发展和协作关系不仅对科学领域的公平结果具有影响，而且对国家和国际经济和社会繁荣也有影响。该项目由科学科学：发现、通信和影响计划、人类网络和数据科学研究计划以及扩大参与的科学计划共同资助。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力优势和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

This research looks at whether the collaborative context affects scientific outcomes differently for scientists in different categories, focusing on the generalizability of network theories. Understanding the reasons for disproportionate representation in top positions and different career development patterns is important because science is increasingly a team-based enterprise. Theories about how scientists collaborate often assume that everyone benefits equally from their connections with others, but knowledge production is influenced by status and identity in interactive contexts. This research adds to our understanding of how knowledge is created and shared in global collaborative science communities. It also tackles important issues related to the ongoing efforts to increase participation in STEM fields. This research adopts a network analytic approach using a large-scale bibliographic database. This database is a comprehensive source for citation information that allows for the construction of unbounded co-authorship networks that include intra- and inter-disciplinary co-authorship ties across time and on a global scale. In a set of three inquiries, the researchers examine differences in benefit from resource-rich collaborative ties, through cumulative advantage, and from tendencies toward homophily (status) in collaborative activity over time and during the peak COVID-19 pandemic period. The project also tackles an unresolved puzzle regarding the innovative value of research specialization alongside collaborative brokerage and the interaction effects of specialization and brokerage on innovation and the generation of “good ideas”. This work has implications not only for scholars of science, but also for the development of science and innovation policy that seeks to bolster the engagement of all scientists in the production of science knowledge and the development of new innovations. Sustaining the career development and collaborative relations of a talented and diverse workforce has implications not only for equitable outcomes in science, but also for national and international economic and social prosperity.The project is co-funded by the Science of Science: Discovery, Communications, and Impact program, the Human Networks and Data Science research program, and the Science of Broadening Participation program.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.