Collaborative Research: HNDS-R: SBP: RUI: Differences in Co-authorship across a Global Landscape: The Role of Network Structure in Scientific Productivity

本研究着眼于合作背景是否影响科学成果不同的科学家在不同的类别，侧重于网络理论的普遍性。了解高层职位代表性不成比例和不同职业发展模式的原因很重要，因为科学越来越成为一个以团队为基础的企业。关于科学家如何合作的理论通常假设每个人都从与他人的联系中平等受益，但知识生产受到互动环境中地位和身份的影响。这项研究增加了我们对知识如何在全球合作科学社区中创造和共享的理解。它还处理与正在进行的努力，以增加在STEM领域的参与有关的重要问题。本研究采网路分析法，以大型书目资料库为研究对象。该数据库是一个全面的引文信息来源，允许构建无限的合著网络，包括跨时间和全球范围内的学科内和学科间的合著关系。在一组三项调查中，研究人员通过累积优势，以及随着时间的推移和在COVID-19大流行高峰期间，从资源丰富的合作关系中获益的差异。该项目还解决了一个悬而未决的难题，即研究专业化的创新价值与合作经纪以及专业化和经纪对创新和“好主意”的产生的相互作用。这项工作不仅对科学学者有影响，而且对科学和创新政策的制定也有影响，这些政策旨在促进所有科学家参与科学知识的产生和新创新的发展。维持一支有才华的多元化劳动力队伍的职业发展和协作关系不仅对科学的公平成果有影响，而且对国家和国际经济和社会繁荣也有影响。发现，通信和影响计划，人类网络和数据科学研究计划，该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

This research looks at whether the collaborative context affects scientific outcomes differently for scientists in different categories, focusing on the generalizability of network theories. Understanding the reasons for disproportionate representation in top positions and different career development patterns is important because science is increasingly a team-based enterprise. Theories about how scientists collaborate often assume that everyone benefits equally from their connections with others, but knowledge production is influenced by status and identity in interactive contexts. This research adds to our understanding of how knowledge is created and shared in global collaborative science communities. It also tackles important issues related to the ongoing efforts to increase participation in STEM fields. This research adopts a network analytic approach using a large-scale bibliographic database. This database is a comprehensive source for citation information that allows for the construction of unbounded co-authorship networks that include intra- and inter-disciplinary co-authorship ties across time and on a global scale. In a set of three inquiries, the researchers examine differences in benefit from resource-rich collaborative ties, through cumulative advantage, and from tendencies toward homophily (status) in collaborative activity over time and during the peak COVID-19 pandemic period. The project also tackles an unresolved puzzle regarding the innovative value of research specialization alongside collaborative brokerage and the interaction effects of specialization and brokerage on innovation and the generation of “good ideas”. This work has implications not only for scholars of science, but also for the development of science and innovation policy that seeks to bolster the engagement of all scientists in the production of science knowledge and the development of new innovations. Sustaining the career development and collaborative relations of a talented and diverse workforce has implications not only for equitable outcomes in science, but also for national and international economic and social prosperity.The project is co-funded by the Science of Science: Discovery, Communications, and Impact program, the Human Networks and Data Science research program, and the Science of Broadening Participation program.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.