Beyond lake settlements:Studying Neolithic environmental changes and human impact at small lakes in Swizerland, Germany and Austria

超越湖泊聚居地：研究瑞士、德国和奥地利小湖泊的新石器时代环境变化和人类影响

• 批准号: 256810635
• 负责人: Privatdozentin Dr. Renate Ebersbach, since 1/2018
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Institute of Plant Scienes
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2013-12-31 至 2017-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/256810635?language=en
• 关键词: Beyond; lake; settlements; Studying; Neolithic

The prehistoric lake village sites of Switzerland, Germany and Austria have been known for more than 150 years. Over one hundred of them were accorded UNESCO World Cultural Heritage status in 2011. Mainly dating to the Neolithic (including Copper Age) and Bronze Age, the zone of lacustrine settlement represents an early phase of sedentarization in the northern foothills of the Alps. Despite much significant research on material culture, settlement dynamics, economy and ecology, the focus has hitherto been almost exclusively on the classic sites situated on the larger pre-Alpine lakes. Our proposal focusses on small shallow lakes and their immediate setting, in order to obtain new high-resolution data on natural environment and human impact at a landscape level. Recent palaeoecological investigation suggests that small shallow lakes preserve undisturbed laminated annual sediments with potential for generating ultra-high-resolution diachronic data on vegetation, palaeoclimate and human impact. Three micro regions containing suitable small lakes set within complex archaeological landscapes that themselves are currently understood at varying levels of resolution, provide the foci for the interlinked interdisciplinary research programmes proposed by the project partners. The overall aim is to integrate micro-regional, regional, and macro-regional studies so as to gain a better understanding of large-scale processes of adaptation and anthropogenic impact over time.

瑞士、德国和奥地利的史前湖村遗址已为人所知已有 150 多年的历史。其中一百多个遗址于 2011 年被联合国教科文组织列为世界文化遗产。湖泊聚落区主要追溯到新石器时代（包括铜器时代）和青铜时代，代表了阿尔卑斯山北麓定居的早期阶段。尽管对物质文化、定居动态、经济和生态学进行了大量研究，但迄今为止的焦点几乎完全集中在较大的阿尔卑斯山前湖泊上的经典遗址上。我们的提案重点关注小型浅水湖泊及其直接环境，以便获得有关景观层面的自然环境和人类影响的新高分辨率数据。最近的古生态学调查表明，小型浅水湖泊保存了未受干扰的层状年度沉积物，有可能生成有关植被、古气候和人类影响的超高分辨率历时数据。三个微区域包含合适的小湖泊，位于复杂的考古景观中，目前它们本身以不同的分辨率水平被理解，为项目合作伙伴提出的相互关联的跨学科研究项目提供了焦点。总体目标是整合微观区域、区域和宏观区域研究，以便更好地了解大规模的适应过程和人为影响。