Collaborative Research: RUI: Dynamic Learning in Comparative Courts: A Cross-National Analysis of Judicial Decision Making in Canada, the United States, and the United Kingdom

合作研究:RUI:比较法院的动态学习:加拿大、美国和英国司法决策的跨国分析

基本信息

  • 批准号:
    2325460
  • 负责人:
  • 金额:
    $ 13.37万
  • 依托单位:
  • 依托单位国家:
    美国
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
  • 财政年份:
    2022
  • 资助国家:
    美国
  • 起止时间:
    2022-10-15 至 2024-09-30
  • 项目状态:
    已结题

项目摘要

Common law intermediate appellate courts have typically functioned well out of the limelight and out of public scrutiny. In recent years, however, the number of appeals within common law judiciaries have significantly increased while the number of cases heard by High Courts has remained relatively stable. In light of burgeoning caseloads, the intermediate appellate courts effectively serve as the court of last resort for the vast majority of judicial appeals. This project develops, assesses, and advances a new and innovative theoretical framework on the dynamic transmission of information between two tiers of courts across the judiciaries of Canada, the United States, and the United Kingdom. This study represents the first comprehensive assessment of hierarchical influences on judicial decision making within a comparative context. Specifically, this project explores hierarchical interactions between lower intermediate appellate court judges and their High Court counterparts in Canada, the United States, and the United Kingdom. The comparative focus of this project presents scholars, policymakers, and practitioners with exciting, innovative, and new opportunities to explore how ideological and institutional differences within judicial systems and different tiers of the judiciary can influence decision making. This project also contributes to a broader understanding of courts in a comparative context by illustrating that scholars cannot easily assume that frameworks developed for American courts are automatically transportable to other countries. Beyond contributions to the academic sphere, the proposed project has broad policy and social impacts. Understanding how judges behave in this dynamic decision making process is necessary for understanding how law and policy is developed and how institutional designs seemingly condition judicial decision-making behavior. The extensive data collection, both quantitative and qualitative, for the project will facilitate the sharing of a vast database of information on appellate courts and hierarchical responses to Supreme Court precedents for a variety of future analyses. The database of intermediate court decisions assembled for this project provides a valuable supplement to the National High Courts Database. The combination of new and reliable data on two tiers of the courts has the potential to foster extensive new analyses for academic faculty, students, and legal professionals. By providing comparable data on the intermediate courts over a substantial period of time, this study will create a rich resource that will enable future research on judicial policy making in a variety of settings. Such data will benefit both established scholars as well as their students including doctoral students throughout related disciplines seeking data for comparative judicial dissertation projects. This project also incorporates the insights gained from in-depth interviews with judges to provide a more nuanced understanding of the way judges understand their approach to decision making. These resources hold significant promise for many analyses beyond this project.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.
普通法的中级上诉法院通常在聚光灯下运作,不受公众监督。然而,近年来,普通法司法机构审理的上诉案件数量大幅增加,而高等法院审理的案件数量则保持相对稳定。鉴于案件数量激增,中级上诉法院实际上是绝大多数司法上诉的最后诉诸法院。该项目开发,评估和推进一个新的和创新的理论框架,在加拿大,美国和英国的司法机构的两级法院之间的信息动态传输。这项研究是第一次全面评估等级制度对司法决策的影响,在比较的背景下。具体来说,这个项目探讨了在加拿大,美国和英国的中级上诉法院的法官和他们的高等法院同行之间的层次互动。该项目的比较重点为学者,政策制定者和从业者提供了令人兴奋的,创新的和新的机会,以探索司法系统和司法机关不同层次内的意识形态和制度差异如何影响决策。该项目还有助于在比较的背景下更广泛地理解法院,说明学者不能轻易假设为美国法院开发的框架可以自动移植到其他国家。除了对学术领域的贡献外,拟议的项目还具有广泛的政策和社会影响。了解法官在这个动态决策过程中的行为,对于理解法律和政策是如何发展的,以及制度设计似乎如何制约司法决策行为是必要的。为该项目收集的大量定量和定性数据将有助于分享关于上诉法院和对最高法院判例的等级反应的庞大信息数据库,以供今后进行各种分析。为该项目建立的中级法院判决数据库是对国家高等法院数据库的宝贵补充。关于两级法院的新的和可靠的数据的结合有可能为学术教师、学生和法律的专业人员促进广泛的新分析。通过提供相当长一段时间内中级法院的可比数据,这项研究将创造一个丰富的资源,使未来的研究在各种环境下的司法政策制定。这些数据将有利于知名学者及其学生,包括相关学科的博士生,为比较司法论文项目寻求数据。该项目还结合了对法官的深入访谈所获得的见解,以更细致地了解法官如何理解他们的决策方法。这些资源为该项目以外的许多分析带来了重大希望。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命,并且通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估,被认为值得支持。

项目成果

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Ali Masood其他文献

Ali Masood的其他文献

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{{ truncateString('Ali Masood', 18)}}的其他基金

Collaborative Research: RUI: Dynamic Learning in Comparative Courts: A Cross-National Analysis of Judicial Decision Making in Canada, the United States, and the United Kingdom
合作研究:RUI:比较法院的动态学习:加拿大、美国和英国司法决策的跨国分析
  • 批准号:
    1921267
  • 财政年份:
    2019
  • 资助金额:
    $ 13.37万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant

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