SWIFT-SAT: Observational Data Sharing

SWIFT-SAT：观测数据共享

• 批准号: 2332422
• 负责人: Christopher De Pree
• 金额: $ 73.2万
• 依托单位: Associated Universities, Inc.
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2024
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2024-03-15 至 2026-02-28
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2332422&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: SWIFT; SAT; Observational; Data; Sharing

Radio astronomy observatories have dealt with the impacts of radio frequency interference (RFI) since their earliest days. The realization that powerful broadcasts and sensitive scientific instruments could not easily coexist led to the creation of protected frequencies for radio astronomy and to the establishment of the National Radio Quiet Zone. These protections have been expanded over time. Nevertheless, the expansion of wireless communications to ever higher frequencies, and the advent of globe-spanning low earth orbit networks of satellites, have resulted in RFI at many more frequencies and in remote locations. The astronomy community needs solutions that enable these communications capabilities while protecting the viability of terrestrial radio telescopes. Building on prior NSF-funded design and planning work, this project will construct an Operational Data Sharing (ODS) system that supports automated, real-time spectrum sharing between radio astronomy observatories and satellite constellations. The project will deploy ODS and experiment with spectrum sharing between the Jansky Very Large Array in New Mexico, the Green Bank Telescope in West Virginia, and the Starlink constellation operated by Space Exploration Technologies, Inc. (SpaceX). Students from diverse backgrounds will take part in this work as summer interns, and public awareness of spectrum issues will be enhanced by integrating real-time updates derived from the ODS system into the existing public-facing telescope status display. The planned ODS system transmits information about the radio astronomy observatory’s status and plans to the satellite operator, including the antenna pointing direction or phased array beam direction, receiver center frequency and bandwidth as a function of time. ODS is structured as a database queried by the satellite operator, so only the information needed by that operator is transmitted. The observatory and the operator mutually agree on sharing approaches. For example, that satellites pointing phased-array beams into a specified zone near the observatory will only transmit in a subset of the operator’s licensed frequencies when the observatory is actively sensing in that band. The project explores methods that enable the operator to use more spectrum than is available under current static protection approaches when the observatory is sensing at other frequencies. The initial deployment and experiments focus on the 10.7-12.7 GHz band.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

射电天文观测站从一开始就处理射频干扰的影响。由于认识到强大的广播和敏感的科学仪器不能轻易共存，因此为射电天文学建立了受保护的频率，并建立了国家无线电静区。随着时间的推移，这些保护措施得到了扩大。然而，无线通信扩展到更高的频率，以及全球低地球轨道卫星网络的出现，导致了更多频率和偏远地区的RFI。天文学界需要能够实现这些通信能力的解决方案，同时保护地面射电望远镜的可行性。该项目将在国家科学基金会先前资助的设计和规划工作的基础上，构建一个业务数据共享（ODS）系统，支持射电天文观测站和卫星星座之间的自动化、实时频谱共享。该项目将部署ODS，并在新墨西哥州的Jansky甚大阵列、西弗吉尼亚州的绿色班克望远镜和空间探索技术公司运营的Starlink星座之间进行频谱共享试验。（SpaceX）。来自不同背景的学生将作为暑期实习生参加这项工作，通过将ODS系统的实时更新纳入现有面向公众的望远镜状态显示，将提高公众对频谱问题的认识。 计划中的ODS系统向卫星运营商传送有关射电天文观测台的状况和计划的信息，包括天线指向或相控阵波束方向、接收器中心频率和随时间变化的带宽。ODS的结构是卫星运营商查询的数据库，因此只传送该运营商所需的信息。观测站和运营商就共享方法达成一致。 例如，将相控阵波束指向观测台附近特定区域的卫星，将只在观测台在该波段进行主动感测时，在运营商许可的频率子集中进行传输。该项目探讨了一些方法，使运营商能够在观测站以其他频率进行感知时，使用比当前静电保护方法下更多的频谱。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。