The colonization of the northern Badia (North-eastern Jordan) in the Late Chalcolithic and Early Bronze Age (4th -3rd mill. BC). A contribution to archaeological settlement geography in arid regions of Southwest Asia

在先前的研究项目“公元前5至3千年早期的干旱生境：北方巴迪亚（东北-约旦）的移动的生存、通信和关键资源利用”（2010-2014年）在巴迪亚（东北-约旦）北方的玄武岩沙漠中发现了两个铜石时代/青铜时代早期（C/EBA）的山丘堡垒遗址。这一发现强调了这一地区不仅仅是密集和多方面经济利用的目标。定居点表明，这一地区适合定居社区，全年都住在他们的定居点。由于这些成果，“北方巴迪亚的殖民化”项目（东北-约旦）铜器时代晚期和青铜器时代早期（公元前4 - 3千纪）：对西南亚干旱地区考古定居点地理的贡献”项目启动，重点是玄武岩沙漠的殖民化，最初的目标是两个已确定的希尔堡遗址及其附近地区。在项目期间，在卫星图像上，除了几个未设防的C/EBA定居点外，还发现了另外两个希尔福特遗址。这些发现改变了以前的研究策略，将重点放在整个玄武岩沙漠及其不同的定居点位置上，迄今为止，四个希尔堡遗址中的三个已经被绘制地图，记录和日期。到目前为止，对第四个希尔堡遗址的调查非常简短。玄武岩沙漠中C/EBA定居点的数量和密度提出了几个研究问题，然而，这些问题首先需要完成地形和年代学工作。然而，额外的实地考察季节，包括考察前的准备时间以及随后的数据管理时间，计划的任务是绘制第四座山堡（Qasr Usseikhim）的地图并记录，迄今为止仅进行了简要调查。这将使该地区的hillfort网站的时间类型学比较。另一项任务是编制一份按时间顺序区分的C/EBA玄武岩沙漠殖民化地图。这张地图的地形基础已经存在，包括已确定的山堡遗址和未设防的侧面。它只需要用Qasr Usseikhim和未设防定居点样本的放射性碳数据来完成。因此，计划的实地工作季节侧重于在Qasr Usseikhim和一些未设防地点的住宅结构中进行探测，以生成放射性碳数据。

During the previous research project “Arid habitats in the 5th to the early 3rd millennium B.C.: mobile subsistence, communication and key resource use in the Northern Badia (NE-Jordan)” (2010-2014) two Chalcolithic / Early Bronze Age (C/EBA) hillfort sites were identified in the basalt desert in the northern Badia (NE-Jordan). This discovery emphasizes that this region was more than just the target of an intensive and manifold economic utilization. The settlements show that this region was suitable for sedentary communities, staying all year round in their settlements. Due to these results the project “The colonization of the Northern Badia (NE-Jordan) in the Late Chalcolithic and Early Bronze Age (4th to 3rd millennium BC): a contribution to archaeological settlement geography in the arid regions of Southwest Asia” was initiated, focusing on the colonization of the basalt desert and which originally targeted the two identified hillfort sites and their direct vicinity.During the course of the project, two additional hillfort sites in addition to several unfortified C/EBA settlements were discovered on satellite images. These discoveries caused an alteration of the previous research strategy towards focusing on the entire basalt desert and its diverse locations of settlements.To date, three of the four hillfort sites have been mapped, documented and dated. The fourth hillfort site was so far only very briefly surveyed.The number and density of C/EBA settlements in the basalt desert raises several research questions, which, however, first require topographic and chronological work to be completed.A substantial part of these tasks has already been finished; however, an additional fieldwork season, including preparation time prior to the expedition as well as subsequent time for data management, is necessary in order to reach the above stated research aims.The planned tasks are mapping and documentation of the fourth hillfort (Qasr Usseikhim), to date only briefly investigated. This would enable a chrono-typological comparison of the hillfort sites of the region. An additional task is the compilation of a chronologically differentiated map of the C/EBA colonization of the basalt desert. The topographic foundation of this map already exists with the identified hillfort sites and unfortified sides. It needs only to be completed with radiocarbon data from Qasr Usseikhim and from a sample of unfortified settlements. The planned fieldwork season therefore focuses on soundings in dwelling structures at Qasr Usseikhim and some unfortified sites, to generate radiocarbon data.