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Narratives of Empathy: Encounters between Animals and Humans in Philosophy, Science and Literature 1850-2010

移情叙事：1850-2010年哲学、科学和文学中动物与人类的相遇

基本信息

批准号：
272920669
负责人：
Dr. Alexandra Böhm
金额：
--
依托单位：
Lehrstuhl für Neuere deutsche Literaturgeschichte
依托单位国家：
德国
项目类别：
Research Grants
财政年份：
2015
资助国家：
德国
起止时间：
2014-12-31 至 2021-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/272920669?language=en
关键词：
Narratives Empathy Encounters between Animals

项目摘要

Contrary to rationalist positions which emphasize the unbridgeable hiatus between humans and animals, recent studies on animal-human-relationships accentuate the capacity of empathy for understanding the other in spite of species differences. Starting from this suggestion the project will analyze from a diachronic and systematic perspective narratives of empathy in the 19th and 20th century. Currently a lot of attention is paid to the concept of empathy, whereas the history of the term, which reaches back to the early 18th century, is hardly noticed in this context. One of the basic assumptions of the envisaged study is that from the middle of the 19th century empathic approaches toward the non-human other are increasingly developed in theory and praxis against a rationalist discourse, which asserts a distinct line of demarcation between animals and humans. The comparative project will trace narratives of empathy from the middle of the 19th century up to the present in philosophical, scientific, and literary texts which focus on the encounter between humans and animals. The project will first ask how narratives of empathy contest epistemological theories and anthropological demarcations between humanity and animality. Here the question will be posed whether the species boundaries are shifted by the specific narrative staging of empathic human-animal-relations; and further, whether the breakage with a rationalist model of difference will disclose alternative practices and possibilities of thinking. Secondly the staged empathic emotional knowledge shall be put in relation to the contemporary zoological knowledge, and be located in the animal apparatus of the period, respectively. Thirdly, the final questions will be which diachronic alterations can be discerned, regarding the concept of empathy in human-animal-relations, and in which way they relate to the specific narrative structure and poetic form of the analyzed texts.

与强调人与动物之间不可逾越的鸿沟的理性主义立场相反，最近对动物-人关系的研究强调了尽管存在物种差异，但理解他人的共情能力。本研究将从这一观点出发，对19、20世纪的移情叙事进行历时性、系统性的分析。目前，人们对移情的概念给予了很多关注，而这个术语的历史可以追溯到世纪初，在这种情况下几乎没有注意到。设想的研究的基本假设之一是，从世纪中期开始，对非人类他者的移情方法在理论和实践上越来越多地发展，而不是理性主义的话语，它主张动物和人类之间有一条明显的分界线。比较项目将追溯从世纪中期到现在的哲学，科学和文学文本中的移情叙事，这些文本侧重于人与动物之间的相遇。该项目将首先询问移情的叙述如何与人类学的认识论理论和人性与动物性之间的界限相抗衡。在这里，我们将提出一个问题，即物种边界是否会因移情的人-动物关系的特定叙事阶段而发生转移;此外，与理性主义差异模型的断裂是否会揭示出思维的替代实践和可能性。其次，将阶段性移情情感知识与当代动物学知识联系起来，分别定位于该时期的动物器官中。第三，最后的问题是，关于人与动物关系中的移情概念，可以看出哪些历时性的变化，以及它们与所分析文本的特定叙事结构和诗歌形式的关系。