Development of a unified framework for environmental monitoring based on a global sampling grid system (GSG)

开发基于全球采样网格系统（GSG）的统一环境监测框架

• 批准号: 273259202
• 负责人: Dr. Lutz Fehrmann
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Abteilung Waldinventur und Fernerkundung
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2014-12-31 至 2018-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/273259202?language=en
• 关键词: Development; unified; framework; environmental; monitoring

Environmental monitoring has been emerging as key factor in many international and national processes related to ecological and environmental challenges. The combat against deforestation and forest degradation (REDD+) is but one example showing that monitoring of the state and change of forest resources is essential as a basis for performance based payments when countries or projects shall be compensated for their efforts in avoiding/reducing deforestation and forest degradation. Many wall-to-wall map products of forest cover change or carbon stocks have been generated by model-based remote sensing analysis that shall serve as benchmark to define global deforestation levels, especially for tropical regions. The increasing availability of large archives of freely available high resolution and geo-referenced imagery through virtual globes like Google Earth, Microsoft Virtual Earth (bing) or NASA World Wind and others is still relatively underexploited by scientific applications in this global environmental monitoring context. They could serve as basis for design-based sampling studies by visual interpretation of relatively small observation units in remotely sensed imagery. A unified framework for estimation and data storage would help to utilize these global data sources and to integrate research studies from different regions and spatial extent. The project aims at proposing a scalable and affine global sampling design and will develop a conceptual framework for its application with a focus on forest resources. Special emphasis is laid on utilizing freely available remote sensing imagery. A scientific key element of the planned project is the development of methodological basis for the optimization of observation units for visual interpretation of remote sensing imagery. There is an interplay between the observation design and the reliability of classified/interpreted image units. This dimension of the project is addressed by researching into aspects of design-based inference with error-prone observations.

环境监测已成为与生态和环境挑战有关的许多国际和国家进程的关键因素。防治毁林和森林退化（降排+）只是一个例子，表明监测森林资源的状况和变化至关重要，是基于绩效的付款的基础，因为国家或项目在避免/减少毁林和森林退化方面的努力应得到补偿。基于模型的遥感分析制作了许多关于森林覆盖变化或碳储量的全面地图产品，这些产品将作为确定全球毁林水平，特别是热带地区毁林水平的基准。通过谷歌地球、微软虚拟地球（bing）或美国航天局世界风等虚拟地球仪免费提供的高分辨率和地理参照图像的大型档案越来越多，但在全球环境监测方面的科学应用仍然相对开发不足。通过对遥感图像中相对较小的观测单位进行目视判读，这些数据可作为基于设计的抽样研究的基础。一个统一的估算和数据储存框架将有助于利用这些全球数据来源，并整合不同区域和空间范围的研究。该项目的目的是提出一个可扩展的仿射全球抽样设计，并将制定一个概念框架，以便以森林资源为重点加以应用。特别强调利用免费提供的遥感图像。计划中的项目的一个关键科学要素是为遥感图像目视判读的观测单位的优化发展方法学基础。观察设计与分类/解释图像单元的可靠性之间存在相互作用。这个方面的项目是通过研究方面的设计为基础的推理与易出错的意见。