Pioneers of the digital. The hackers and bulletin board systems scene of the 1980s

数字化先驱。

• 批准号: 274898043
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Axel Schildt (†)
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Leibniz-Zentrum für Zeithistorische Forschung Potsdam e.V. (ZZF)
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2014-12-31 至 2017-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/274898043?language=en
• 关键词: Pioneers; digital.; hackers; bulletin; board

Within the 1970s years, the development of the microprocessor created new possibilities in use for computers, on which the home computer first showed consequences of the "computerization" up to the private area.Influenced by the Californian Counterculture, its development was connected with new promising opportunities and freedom in the development for the individual.In connection with the Alternative Milieu of West Germany, this lead in the beginning of the 1980s to the emergence of a youth scene of hackers and mailbox operators. The scene experimented with the home computer, and by the connection of the computer to the telephone network, they explored new communication possibilities.This way they set their own concepts against the government-planed "way into the information society" and got into conflicts with the telecommunication monopoly. By "foresighted dealing with laws" (Wau Holland) they ignored this monopoly until it was finally ended by the privatization of the telecommunication sector.This project asks for the context, the outline, the changes, the effects and the media perception of this scene between 1978 and 1996, in consideration of the decline of the Alternative Milieu.It does research on the influence of the hacker and mailbox scene in the dynamic development of computer and communication technology, its role within a transnational culture transfer as well as of the emerge of a new, technology driven belief in progress through the 1980s.It makes a contribution to the better understanding of the recent past, particular to the cultural prehistory of the Internet and for the development of the "information society" from the 1970s until the 1990s.

在20世纪70年代，微处理器的发展为计算机的使用创造了新的可能性，家用计算机首次显示了“计算机化”的后果，直到私人领域。受加利福尼亚反文化的影响，它的发展与个人发展的新的有前途的机会和自由有关。与西德国的替代环境有关，这导致在20世纪80年代初出现了黑客和邮箱操作员的青年场景。现场以家用电脑为实验对象，将电脑与电话网络连接，探索新的沟通方式，与政府规划的“信息社会之路”形成对立，与电信垄断产生冲突。通过“深谋远虑地处理法律”（瓦乌荷兰）他们忽视了这种垄断，直到它最终被电信部门的私有化所结束。本项目要求了解1978年至1996年期间这一场景的背景，轮廓，变化，影响和媒体的看法，针对另类环境的衰落，研究了黑客和邮箱场景在计算机和通信技术动态发展中的影响，它在跨国文化转移中的作用，以及在20世纪80年代出现的一种新的、技术驱动的进步信念。它有助于更好地理解最近的过去，特别是互联网的文化史前史，以及20世纪70年代至90年代“信息社会”的发展。