Quantum dynamics in dissipative ultracold atomic gases

量子相关在现代物理和技术中起着重要的作用。依赖于相关性的现象，如高温超导或量子磁性，赋予材料不同寻常的特性，并构成传感器或医疗仪器等商用设备的关键部件。当前特别感兴趣的是这些相关多体系统的动力学。例如，实现量子计算机的努力依赖于相关量子态的动态制备和操作。此外，最近室温下超导特性的动态生成，要求理解和控制远离平衡的动态驱动状态。相关现象的理论描述，特别是它们的动力学，通常是非常复杂的，许多基本问题仍然是开放的。直到最近才发展出第一个有效的理论工具，以便能够处理孤立多体系统中的量子动力学。这些结果已经与超冷量子气体的实验结果进行了仔细的测试，并为以良好控制的方式探索动力学效应开辟了前景。我们的目的是促进对量子多体系统动力学现象的基本原理的理解。我们将超越孤立的系统，并向环境中添加额外的耦合。我们将解决基本问题，如相互作用和耗散的相互作用及其对系统动力学的影响，这些问题还远远没有被理解。

Quantum correlations play an important role in modern physics and technology. Phenomena relying on correlations, such as high-Tcsuperconductivity or quantum magnetism, give materials unusual properties and form key components of commercially available devices such as sensors or medical instrumentation. Of particular current interest is the dynamics of these correlated many-body systems. For example, efforts to realize a quantum computer rely on the dynamical preparation and manipulation of correlated quantum states. Further, the recent dynamical generation of superconducting properties at room temperature, calls for the understanding and the control of dynamically driven states far from equilibrium. The theoretical description of correlation phenomena and in particular of their dynamics is typically very involved and many fundamental questions are still open. Only recently first efficient theoretical tools have been developed in order to enable the treatement of the quantum dynamics in isolated many-body systems. These have been carefully tested in comparison with experimental results of ultracold quantum gases and open the prospect to explore dynamical effects in a well controlled way. Our aim is to advance the understanding of the fundamental principles of the dynamical phenomena in quantum many-body systems. We will go beyond isolated systems and add the additional coupling to an environment. We will address the fundamental questions as the interplay of interaction and dissipation and its consequence onto the system's dynamics which are far from being understood.