B3 - Interozeptive Vorhersagen: neurokognitive Mechanismen, Determinanten und Funktionen

预测编码的概念假设感知是先验知识和感觉反馈之间的迭代过程。然而，到目前为止，这一观点主要应用于外感知觉，如视觉和听觉，以及行动。最近，这种预测推理框架在理论上也被用于内感受，即身体所处的内部生理状态。根据这一观点，主观感觉状态（即情绪和自我意识）是通过对内感受事件的内因和外因的主动自上而下的推理而产生的。该项目将在一个已建立的重复抑制范式中，通过EEG和fMRI方法研究内感受性预测的大脑活动，为这一假设提供直接的实证研究。我们期望神经衰减的内感受信号响应预期的变化，而非预期的内感受信号的变化。进一步的研究将探讨运动系统在预测感觉和身体传入方面的具体作用。最后，对预测性外感受信号和内感受信号的注意的神经关联应加以说明。这个项目的结果可以帮助阐明认知、知觉、情感以及自我意识各方面之间的相互作用。

The notion of predictive coding assumes that perception is an iterative process between prior knowledge and sensory feedback. To date, however, this perspective has been applied primarily to exteroceptive perception, such as vision and audition, as well as action. More recently, this predictive, inferential framework has theoretically also been suggested on interoception, the internal physiological condition the body is in. On this view subjective feeling states (i.e. emotion and self- awareness) are generated by active top-down inference on the internal and external causes of interoceptive afferents. The proposed project will provide a direct empirical investigation of this hypothesis by studying brain activity underlying interoceptive prediction by means of EEG and fMRI methodology in an established repetition suppression paradigm. We expect neural attenuation of interoceptive signals in response to expected compared to unexpected changes of interoceptive signals. Further studies shall investigate the specific role of the motor system in predicting sensory and bodily afferences. Finally, the neural correlates of attention to predictive exteroceptive and interoceptive signals shall be specified. The results of this project can help to illuminate interactions between cognition, perception, emotion as well as aspects of self-awareness.