Project P2: Sculpturing of debris disks by planets and companions

项目 P2：行星和伴星对碎片盘的雕刻

• 批准号: 278211650
• 负责人: Dr. Torsten Löhne
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Sterrewacht Leiden
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Units
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2014-12-31 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/278211650?language=en
• 关键词: Project; P2; Sculpturing; debris; disks

Observational data show that the distribution of dust in debris disks is often inhomogeneous. Sharply bounded dust rings and inner regions void of dust closer to the star are common structural features, usually accompanied by additional asymmetries: variations in brightness along the rings, eccentric offsets of the disks with respect to the host stars, or partly warped disks. A variety of possible mechanisms has been put forward to explain these phenomena. Many involve the gravitational influence of suggested but yet unseen planets and companions. Dust asymmetries therefore yield the potential to gain deeper insights into the architecture of circumstellar systems. In this project, we aim for a consistent description of asymmetric debris disks from the underlying dynamical perturbations via collisional modeling to the resulting distribution of detectable dust. We will cast a set of scenarios for the formation of such asymmetries into models and use these to interpret available observational data. Our results will include refined predictions for whether and where planets and companions can be expected in individual well-observed systems. Conversely, we will also apply our models to the outer solar system, where little is known about dust itself. From the known distribution of planets and asteroids, we will be able to predict the dust distribution and compare with data from spacecraft such as "New Horizons". The project will complement project P1, which focuses on symmetric disks. Key ingredients for the collisional models and calculation of observables will be provided by projects P4-P9.

观测数据表明，碎片盘中尘埃的分布往往是不均匀的。边界分明的尘埃环和靠近恒星的内部尘埃空洞区域是常见的结构特征，通常伴随着额外的不对称性：沿环的亮度变化，圆盘相对于宿主恒星的偏心偏移，或部分扭曲的圆盘。人们提出了各种可能的机制来解释这些现象。许多都涉及到被推测但尚未被发现的行星和伴星的引力影响。因此，尘埃的不对称性使我们有可能更深入地了解星周系统的结构。在这个项目中，我们的目标是通过碰撞建模对不对称碎片盘进行一致的描述，从潜在的动态扰动到由此产生的可探测尘埃分布。我们将为这种不对称的形成设定一系列情景，并利用这些情景来解释现有的观测数据。我们的结果将包括对行星及其伴星是否可以在单个观测良好的系统中被预测以及在哪里被预测的精确预测。相反，我们也将把我们的模型应用于外太阳系，那里对尘埃本身知之甚少。根据已知的行星和小行星的分布，我们将能够预测尘埃的分布，并与“新视野”等航天器的数据进行比较。该项目将补充项目P1，该项目侧重于对称磁盘。碰撞模型和观测值计算的关键要素将由项目P4-P9提供。