Battle in the dark - Interactions of the fungal pathogen Fusarium culmorum with beneficial microorganisms at the soil-root interface of wheat

黑暗中的战斗——真菌病原体镰孢菌与小麦土壤-根界面上有益微生物的相互作用

• 批准号: 279559973
• 负责人: Dr. Mark Winter
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Depart. of Plant Pathology
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Fellowships
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2014-12-31 至 2016-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/279559973?language=en
• 关键词: Battle; dark; Interactions; fungal; pathogen

This ongoing study conducted at the Department of Plant Pathology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, USA, investigates the role of the mycotoxin deoxynivalenol (DON) during root infections of wheat by the fungal pathogen Fusarium culmorum. The main focus is on the interaction between F. culmorum, DON and beneficial rhizobacteria, i.e. Streptomyces spp.. Further, the suppressive effect of DON and F. culmorum, respectively, to Streptomyces spp. is analysed in vitro and in planta. The first phase of this research suggested that besides Streptomyces spp. fluorescent Pseudomonas species are strong inhibitors of soilborne Fusarium species at wheat roots and that F. graminearum besides F. culmorum is a main contributor to Fusarium Foot and Root Rot of wheat and barley in the Upper Great Plains, USA. Therefore, fluorescent Pseudomonas and F. graminearum isolates will be included into the prolonged research stay. The carbon use of the obtained beneficial rhizobacteria (Streptomyces spp. and fluorescent Pseudomonas spp.) from wheat fields of the Upper Great Plains, USA as well as the different Fusarium species and chemotypes being used in this study, will be analysed in a microtiter assay using different carbon sources and concentrations as substrate. This will serve to explain varying antagonistic interactions between suppressive rhizobacteria and soilborne pathogens in cereals. Additionally, it is planned to study the impact of DON for successful wheat root and stem base infections by F. culmorum under field conditions. Experiments on DON as virulence factor for root infection by Fusarium species will be also conducted with barley. In experiments under controlled conditions it is planned to analyze whether the mycotoxin DON is translocated from the stem basis into barley kernels following stem base infections with toxigenic Fusarium species, which might be an additionally source of mycotoxin contamination of mature barley kernels.

这项正在进行的研究，在植物病理学系，明尼苏达大学，圣保罗，美国，调查的作用，真菌毒素脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇（DON）在小麦根感染的真菌病原体镰刀菌。主要研究了F. culmorum，DON和有益的根际细菌，即链霉菌属。此外，DON和F. culmorum分别与链霉菌属Streptomyces spp.在体外和体内进行分析。本研究的第一阶段表明，除了链霉菌属。荧光假单胞菌是小麦根际土传镰刀菌的强抑制菌，F.禾谷镰刀菌F. culmorum是美国上大平原地区小麦和大麦镰刀菌根腐病和脚腐病的主要致病菌。因此，荧光假单胞菌和F.禾谷镰刀菌分离株将被纳入延长的研究停留期。获得的有益根际细菌（链霉菌属）的碳利用。和荧光假单胞菌属（Pseudomonas spp.）来自Upper Great Plains，USA的麦田以及本研究中使用的不同镰刀菌属物种和化学型，将在使用不同碳源和浓度作为底物的微量滴定分析中进行分析。这将有助于解释不同的抑制性根际细菌和土传病原体之间的拮抗作用在谷物。此外，计划研究DON对F.在田间条件下的顶生。还将用大麦进行DON作为镰刀菌属物种根感染的毒力因子的实验。在受控条件下的实验中，计划分析真菌毒素DON是否在茎基部感染致病性镰刀菌属物种后从茎基部转移到大麦籽粒中，这可能是成熟大麦籽粒真菌毒素污染的另外来源。